* Parts in bold are your answer, in case you wanted just a brief one.
* I explained general usages, but parts in italics are the cases related to 'dear' and your question.
1) As a regular modifier meaning precious and valuable, oshii (惜しい) [precious, valuable], itoshii (愛しい) [dear, beloved] & taisetsu na (大切な) [important, valuable] are common eqivalents for it, among others.
2) In its usage before a name to show endearment and/or informality, in different context there could be different words for it, most of which are among Japanese honorifics; Here are just a few common cases:
2.1) Haikei (拝啓) is the equivalent of 'dear' when used before names, as in addressing people, such as in a letter or e-mail.
2.2) Used by female and male towards other female to show a moderate level of intimacy/endearment:
=>"chan" (ちゃん) after name. (Also used by female towards male sometimes to
emphasize endearment and intimacy)
2.3) Used by male and female towards other male for same reasons mentioned above:
=> "kun" (君);
=> "sama" (さま) is also used; in case of intentionally exaggerative respect (usu male towards male) or emphasized endearment (female towards male)
dear = shika
According to Google translate - 'How are you dear' translates phonetically as 'Dono yō ni aisuru anata wa'
大切なあの人
Taisetsu na ano hito
親愛なる友 Shin'ai naru tomo
Dear is"sinainaru"(親愛なる)in Japanese.→"sinainaru NAME"
Look at that rain dear (like ----> look at that reindeer)This is a Japanese joke; she said: "サンタサンダー!", pronounced as santa sandā!, a joke on the phonetic pronunciations of English words by the Japanese.
Siam Shade: 'Dear'
dear dear
tangata babe
"dear"
They sometimes say ダーリン (daa rin), which is Japanese reading of same word. 貴方 (a na ta) is used by females to address their husbands as 'dear, darling'. 愛しい (i to shii) is 'darling, beloved, dear' as an adjective, like 'o itoshi mono yo' could mean 'oh my beloved one', or 'itoshigo' means 'dear child'.
In Venice, you can say "caro" to address someone as "dear".
In Krio language, you can say "mek dear" to mean "dear."
Dear (noun) = cariño Dear (adjective) = querido To = a
ninte (YOUR) priyappetta (DEAR)