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Make two lists. List the appliances you want the generator to run when commercial power is available. Next, list the appliances you want the generator to run when commercial power is NOT available. Determine the wattage of each appliance and then add them together for the first list. Repeat this for the second list. This will give you total wattage for each list. This will help you determine the size of the generator needed to power your devices when commercial power is available and for when commercial power is not available.

Understanding the wattage values of each appliance is important for correctly choosing the wattage values to add together to get the total estimated wattage needed to power your appliances.

If all of your loads are resistive, such as incandescent lamps and heaters, you simply add up their wattage to get a total. However if you have electric motors which will cycle on and off or appliances like a heat pump or an air conditioner, you must take into consideration the required starting current of these devices. The start up current of these devices can be up to 6 times the running current.

Starting Watts are the power the generator can produce for short periods of time.

Running Watts are the power the generator can produce continuously.

Here is an example of how to determine generator size:

Question: I am considering the purchase of a standby portable generator to power key appliances in the event of a power loss which sometimes occur during winter snow storms. Do I just add up the total number of watts required by the appliances I want to run? In the event of a winter storm interruption of electricity, I am looking to keep the refrigerator/freezer running, along with the blower motor of a pellet stove, a few electric lights, and a radio. All else can wait until power is restored!

Answer: The total estimated wattage of 1840 watts is needed for the radio (15 watts), the motor (575 watts), and the refrigerator/freezer (1250 watts). To this I added 500 watts for five 100 watt light bulbs for a total of 2340 running watts. Next I added the starting watts of the motor to the running watt total of 2340 watts, to get the total estimated wattage of the generator needed to power all these appliances simultaneously. For example, assuming the starting watts needed for the blower motor are 3 times its running watts (3 times 575 watts = 1725 watts), so the total estimated wattage of the generator needed to power all these appliances simultaneously is 2340 running watts plus the 1725 starting watts of the blower motor, for a total of 4065 watts. The generator needed to run all these appliances simultaneously would need to have a maximum power output of at least 4065 watts.

Note: The maximum power output is also called short time watts, peak watts, maximum watts, surge watts, and starting watts. It's helpful to keep this in mind when reading portable generator wattage ratings.

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