How do you use what you know about earth its structure atmosphere geologic activities and processes to prove or disprove your theories of other planets?

Answer 1

You can't really use our own home planet to prove, or disprove, any theories about other planets. Since our first ever find of an alien solar system, we've found many, many more. Out of all these, no planet with an orbit has been seen to have any major similarities. They're either too hot, too cold, to close to a star, or too far. Keep in mind, all planets, beside the ones in our own solar system, are completely alien to us, and it's hard to infer anything about these desolate places using our own planet.