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The physics of a back handspring are mostly focused around the gymnast's(or cheerleader's, acrobat's, etc...) center of gravity. The initial jump and the "sit back" in preparation of that jump are the most important steps in a back handspring. When sitting the athlete should keep shoulders directly over hips and knees directly over ankles, ultimately achieving a 90 degree angle in both the knees and ankles. This moves the center of gravity behind the feet of the athlete putting him/her out of balance. The problem here is, that means he/she is now falling backwards and most people have been unconsciously or consciously trying not to fall over their entire lives. And they've become so good at it that they don't even have to try. Our bodies instinctively correct our center of gravity so it will feel very wrong and be very difficult to convince your body to sit correctly. Jumping from this position will create a trajectory of approximately 45 degrees. This angle is necessary to create an efficient back handspring, ensuring power left over for subsequent skills (back tucks, fulls, etc...). The athlete should try to launch him or herself in a straight line as opposed to jumping in a rotational way, meaning think launch, not flip. Flipping in this way can cause undue stress to wrists and elbows, as well as requiring more muscle power from the athlete.
Think of a bow and arrow with a fishing line and hook hanging from the arrowhead. When that bow is fired, it shoots the arrow in a straight line, the arrow doesn't flip end over end, but if the hook catches something, the arrows trajectory will cause it to flip. the fishing line supports no weight, but when it pulls on the head of the arrow and the back of the arrow wants to keep going, it flips over.
The hook is your hands, the line is your arms and the arrow is the rest of your body. Sit back into that falling backward position, like a chair, jump at a 45 degree angle (approx.), keep your head and shoulders shooting at that angle and reach your hands and only your hands for the floor. when your hands catch the floor, if the rest of your body is still trying to shoot up and back instead of down, the flip will happen easily. just pull your toes over the top to land on your feet.
That 45 degree angle also means a long low back handspring. There is a law in physics that say every change in direction = a loss of power. Long low Back handspring = more power left over at the end.
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∙ 13y ago
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