Caves form because ground water is slightly acidic and in flowing through joints, bedding-planes and faults within limestone or gypsum, dissolves the rock away. The only other rocks soluble in water are Chalk, Dolomite and Salt, but their formations do not normally support cave development - though there are a few caves known in chalk.
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When the rock above a cave collapses, it can form a sinkhole if the collapse creates a depression in the ground. This can sometimes lead to the formation of a sinkhole cave system underground.
A cave is sometimes created when waves erode a headland.
It is called weathering.
A deposit of calcite on a cave floor is known as cave popcorn or cave coral. It forms when water containing dissolved calcium carbonate drips or seeps into a cave and then evaporates, leaving behind calcite deposits in the form of popcorn-like or coral-like formations.
caves
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The plural form is CAVES.
When the rock above a cave collapses, it can form a sinkhole if the collapse creates a depression in the ground. This can sometimes lead to the formation of a sinkhole cave system underground.
The word cave can be a noun and a verb. The noun form is a large cavity formed underground. The verb form means to surrender.
Cave painting
Cave drawings.
A shake-hole, sink-hole or doline. The collapse may also form an entrance to the cave below, if the slumped material has not filled the passage.
The sea attacks cracks in the cliff at an headland. The cracks grow larger and form a cave.
Waves keep hitting the side of a cliff and eventually erode enough rock to form a cave
That's extremely variable and specific to each cave, but you have to think in tens or hundreds of thousands of years.
Erosion