It is called weathering.
Most caves form from the dissolution of carbonate rock over time by naturally acidic rain and groundwater. A sinkhole can form on the surface when a cave ceiling collapses from gravity.
A shakehole (or sinkhole) - it can form an entrance to the cave, or block it entirely. Also swallow hole. It's important to realise that the existence of a shakehole does not necessarily mean an enterable cave lies below: the dissolved carbonate rock below may have been carried away in a multitude of fine conduits as in chalk, rather than a discreet passage.
Limestone
in a cave
It is called weathering.
It is called weathering.
When rock above a cave collapses, a sinkhole is formed.
It is called weathering.
Most caves form from the dissolution of carbonate rock over time by naturally acidic rain and groundwater. A sinkhole can form on the surface when a cave ceiling collapses from gravity.
A shakehole (or sinkhole) - it can form an entrance to the cave, or block it entirely. Also swallow hole. It's important to realise that the existence of a shakehole does not necessarily mean an enterable cave lies below: the dissolved carbonate rock below may have been carried away in a multitude of fine conduits as in chalk, rather than a discreet passage.
A Boulder, or Talus Cave rather stretches the definition of "cave", but it's simply a void or set of voids left between fallen boulders and their source rock-face. A cave's chamber that is heavily obstructed or even terminated by collapsed rock is often called a "boulder chamber", but it's not correct to say that collapses form caves. They don't - they modify them.
It is called weathering.
Calcite, usually, from the limestone above the cave. (Or gypsum, if the cave is in that rock)
Limestone
A Boulder, or Talus, Cave is simply an enterable void or set of voids between boulders and the rock-face from which they have fallen. Collapses within existing karst, sea or lava caves may choke the passage or chamber with boulders, and such chambers are often called "boulder chambers", but that does not form the cave, and it is not the same as a true boulder cave.
A Boulder, or Talus, Cave is simply an enterable void or set of voids between boulders and the rock-face from which they have fallen. Collapses within existing karst, sea or lava caves may choke the passage or chamber with boulders, and such chambers are often called "boulder chambers", but that does not form the cave, and it is not the same as a true boulder cave.