When rock above a cave collapses, a sinkhole is formed.
Caves are underground. They are big long holes underground. Sometimes, for some unknown reason, the roof of the cave can no longer support the weight of the ground above it and the ground collapses down into the cave. The land sinks. It fills the hole. Where there was a cave, there is now solid ground. Where there was land, there is now a big hole. So, you have a sinkhole when the roof of a cave collapses.
A sea arch is formed primarily by erosion. As waves erode the coastline, they create a hole or cave in a headland. Over time, this continual erosion causes the cave to expand from both sides until it forms an arch.
A stack is formed when the roof of a sea cave collapses, leaving a pillar of rock separate from the mainland. Stumps are the remnants of a stack that has eroded further causing it to collapse. Caves are formed by the erosion of coastal rock by the action of waves, often in softer rock types that are easily worn away.
The limestone, or more accurately its calcium carbonate,has been dissolved from the rock above, in the joints through which the ground-water passes before dripping into the cave. The mineral is then precipitated in the cave air as Calcite, to form a Stalactite on the celing, and a Stalagmite on the floor below. A "column" is simply a stalactite and stalagmite that have met.
The opening is called the cave entrance or cave mouth. It is usually an "exit" formed by flowing water.
When rock above a cave collapses, a sinkhole is formed.
It is called weathering.
A sinkhole forms.
Shakehole or Sinkhole - when the collapse extends to the surface. (Not all cave roof collapses disturb the surface above.)
A sinkhole is formed when the roof of a cave collapses.
It is called weathering.
It is called weathering.
When the rock above a cave collapses, it can form a sinkhole if the collapse creates a depression in the ground. This can sometimes lead to the formation of a sinkhole cave system underground.
It is called weathering.
A large hole formed when a roof of a cave collapses.
A large hole formed when a roof of a cave collapses.
A sinkhole.