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Motion of a car on a level road
Forces acting on the car :
1.The weight of the car, mg
2.Normal reaction, N
3. Frictional force, f
N--mg = 0
N = mg
The centripetal force required for circular motion is along the surface of the road, and is provided by the component of the contact force between road and the car tyres along the surface. This force is nothing but the frictional force. The static friction that provides the centripetal acceleration.
Motion of a car on a banked road
We can reduce the contribution of friction to the circular motion of the car if the road is banked
N cos θ = mg + f sin θ
The centripetal force is provided by the horizontal components of N and f.
N sin θ + f cos θ =mv2/R
As you can see, the magnitude of frictional force has decreased by banking the road. Hence the wear and tear of the tyres will be less
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