It usually doesn't. However, if the setting is integral to the story, it can affect the characters by forcing them to react to it.
It is in the sky
Setting
Setting characterization refers to how a story's setting influences and shapes the characters within the narrative. It involves how the environment, time period, and location impact character development and behavior. By showcasing the interactions between characters and their surroundings, setting characterization can provide insight into a character's beliefs, motivations, and growth throughout the story.
setting
characterization can be helpful in understanding the story's theme
conflict or characterization
Exposition is the term for the manner in which an author introduces the characters in the story. This is also the manner for introducing the setting of the story.
setting bout the character
theme
indirect characterization
A non-example of characterization would be a detailed description of the setting or the plot of a story, as these elements do not involve developing or revealing the traits of a character.
The setting role in helping to establish characterization in a story is that it shows how the character reacts to or interact with their surroundings. When we talk about setting it refers to the place and time of the story. If the story is in a city, the country, in the present time, during a historical moment, and more.