Because it prevents water from touching the surface of the iron.
It is the element zinc in its molten state that we dip iron or steel into to galvanize it.
Rusting of iron can be prevented by painting,oiling,greasing,galvanising,chrome plating,anodising or making alloys
Zinc is typically used in the process of galvanizing iron. The iron is dipped into a bath of molten zinc, which forms a protective zinc coating on the surface of the iron to prevent corrosion.
Zinc is commonly used to protect steel from corrosion through a process called galvanization, where a protective zinc coating is applied to the steel. This coating acts as a barrier between the steel and the surrounding environment, preventing corrosion.
For something to rust you need oxygen and water. Rust specifically relates to iron (or iron products such as steel); it is iron oxide. When the metal comes into contact with oxygen disolved in water the iron in the metal reacts with the oxygen disolved in the water to form iron oxide - rust. This is why most metals are protected, to stop water and oxygen getting into contact with the metal and causing corrosion i.e. rust. Common methods of protection include galvanising, painting and coating.
Corrosion is the slow chemical change a metal undergoes when exposed to oxygen. The chemical change is the rust that forms on the metal. Iron is extremely susceptible to corrosion (rust). Corrosion can begin to form rust on iron right after the Ingots have cooled at the Foundry.
When iron is exposed to moist air, it can undergo a chemical reaction known as corrosion. The moisture in the air reacts with iron to form iron oxide, also known as rust. This process is accelerated in the presence of salt or pollutants in the air, which act as catalysts for the corrosion of iron. Regular maintenance and protective coatings can help prevent corrosion of iron in moist air environments.
The process of coating a thin layer of zinc on iron is called galvanizing or zinc coating. This process is carried out by dipping a clean sheet of iron in a zinc chloride bath and then heating it. After this the iron sheet is removed, rolled into molten zinc metal bath and finally cooled with air. Advantage of galvanizing is that it protects iron against corrosion even after the coating surface is broken.
Pure iron is not a strong as steel and it is also prone to corrosion in the form of rust.
rust
Galvanizing is used to protect iron and steel from corrosion by applying a protective zinc coating. This process provides a sacrificial layer that corrodes before the underlying metal, thus extending the life of the material. Galvanizing is cost-effective and low maintenance, making it a popular choice for many applications.
Iron is the only metal that can rust. The usual term for the destruction of a metal by oxidation is corrosion, and 'rust' or 'rusting' is the term for corrosion specific to iron and its compounds.