How does kidney work as osmoregulatory organ?

Answer 1

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Osmoregulation is the process by which body fluids are maintained at a constant level. In the kidney there are the Bowman's Capsule and also the loop of Henle which reabsorbs and filters the excess water, salt and urea. In the brain there are the hypothalamus and pituitary gland that controls the process of osmoregulation.

The hypothalamus detects the changes in H2O level while the gland secretes Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) into the blood stream. ADH is produced when H2O levels are low. This causes the loop of Henle and distilled convoluted tubule to reabsorb more H2O. The production of ADH stops when normal conditions are restored. When there is too much water the kidney will remove it and urine will become more dilute