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Photolyase works in conjunction with two co-factors. The first co-factor (either deazaflavin or methenyltetrahydrofolate) absorb a photon of light or a specific wavelength (in the blue spectrum) and passes this energy to FADH- which then acts as an electron donor, transferring a single electron to the pyramidine photodimer, and in doing so allows the bond between them to be broken.
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What is a DNA repair enzyme activated by visible light?
DNA photolyase
What does photolyases do to thymine diamers?
Photolyases repair thymine dimers by using visible light energy to break the covalent bonds formed between adjacent thymine bases in the DNA strand. This process, called photoreactivation, restores the original structure of the DNA molecule by splitting the thymine dimer back into individual thymines.
How is ATP related to DNA?
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is involved in providing the energy needed for DNA replication, transcription, and repair. ATP is used as a source of energy by enzymes involved in these processes, ensuring that the DNA functions properly within the cell.
DNA cutting enzymes used in the repair of DNA damage?
DNA cutting enzymes used in the repair of DNA damage include endonucleases such as FEN1, EXO1, and MRE11, which cleave DNA strands to facilitate repair processes like base excision repair and DNA double-strand break repair. These enzymes help remove damaged DNA sections for replacement or rejoining to restore the DNA sequence integrity.
What is the enzyme that connects the okasaki fragments and participates in DNA repair?
The enzyme that connects Okazaki fragments during DNA replication is DNA ligase. DNA ligase is also involved in repairing nicks in the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA during processes such as base excision repair and mismatch repair.
What is a DNA repair enzyme activated by visible light?
DNA photolyase
How does DNA reapair enzyme photolyase prevent skin cancer?
Ultraviolet light, when acting on DNA, can lead to covalent linking of adjacent pyrimidine bases. Such pyrimidine dimerization is mutagenic, but this damage can be repaired by an enzyme called photolyase.- Taylor Swift(:
What does photolyases do to thymine diamers?
Photolyases repair thymine dimers by using visible light energy to break the covalent bonds formed between adjacent thymine bases in the DNA strand. This process, called photoreactivation, restores the original structure of the DNA molecule by splitting the thymine dimer back into individual thymines.
What is the frequency at which it is believed that can repair DNA?
The frequency at which it is believed that can repair DNA is known as the DNA repair frequency.
How does DNA ligase utilize ATP during the process of DNA repair and replication?
DNA ligase utilizes ATP during the process of DNA repair and replication by using the energy from ATP to catalyze the formation of a phosphodiester bond between the DNA strands, sealing any breaks or gaps in the DNA molecule.
How is ATP related to DNA?
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is involved in providing the energy needed for DNA replication, transcription, and repair. ATP is used as a source of energy by enzymes involved in these processes, ensuring that the DNA functions properly within the cell.
How is DNA methylation utilized in the process of DNA repair?
DNA methylation plays a role in DNA repair by helping to identify and repair damaged DNA. It can signal where repairs are needed and regulate the activity of repair enzymes. This process helps maintain the integrity of the DNA and ensures proper functioning of the cell.
How errors in DNA replication are fixed?
Errors in DNA replication are fixed through DNA repair mechanisms. Cells have various repair pathways, such as base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, and mismatch repair, which correct different types of DNA damage. These repair processes involve identifying the error, removing the incorrect DNA sequence, and accurately inserting the correct nucleotides.
DNA cutting enzymes used in the repair of DNA damage?
DNA cutting enzymes used in the repair of DNA damage include endonucleases such as FEN1, EXO1, and MRE11, which cleave DNA strands to facilitate repair processes like base excision repair and DNA double-strand break repair. These enzymes help remove damaged DNA sections for replacement or rejoining to restore the DNA sequence integrity.
Why is it dangerous to go into the sun without any protection?
In short, sunlight is made of light waves. These light waves are of various energies. The small band of energy we can see is called the visible spectrum. These waves are not dangerous to us. There are light waves that are slightly higher in energy these are known as Ultra Violet(UV) rays. These rays contain enough energy to penetrate your skin cells and cause damage to your DNA. This damage can lead to serious side effects such as skin cancer if you body is unable to properly repair the damage. Luckily the vast majority of the time your body is able to repair the damage through a number of highly complex DNA repair mechanisms.
How can DNA repair itself to maintain genetic integrity?
DNA repair mechanisms are essential for maintaining genetic integrity by fixing any damage or errors that occur in the DNA molecule. There are several pathways that cells use to repair DNA, such as base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, and mismatch repair. These pathways involve specialized proteins that recognize and correct different types of damage, ensuring that the DNA remains stable and functional.
What is the enzyme that connects the okasaki fragments and participates in DNA repair?
The enzyme that connects Okazaki fragments during DNA replication is DNA ligase. DNA ligase is also involved in repairing nicks in the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA during processes such as base excision repair and mismatch repair.
