How does HIV Invade a cell?

Answer 1

HIV repliates within livng cells, using the cells replication enzymes to allow the cell to do so. However as HIV is a retrovirus, it brings some of its own enzymes with it. HIV has single-stranded RNA genomes, the retroviral genes encode an enzyme called transcriptase which turns RNA into DNA allowing them to reproduce in the cell.

Answer 2

The Invasion of a cell by HIV is a multistage process. The steps are as belows.

1.Entrance into the body:

The first step of invasion starts with the entry of HIV virus into the body of host. This can be due to unsafe sex with an infected partner, Blood Transfusion or by unsterilized surgical and cosmetic instruments.

2. Finding a suitable host cell:

The next step is the finding a suitable host cell such as a CD4+ T lymphocyte.

3.Infection of the host cell:

The third step is of the successful infection of the cells which needs some specific receptors on the surface of the cell such as CD4 receptors and co-receptors CCR5.

These receptors interact with the protein compounds on the surface of the HIV.

These compounds contain Glycoproteins, extracellular GP120 and a trans membrane GP41.

3.Attachment of HIV:

As the HIV approaches the Cell CD4 receptors bind with GP120. The co-receptors further bind with the GP120. This makes the GP120 disappear. Than the GP41 inserts its terminals into the cell membrane. Than it folds back on its self making the entry of HIV in the cell easier. The viral capsid enters into the cell and its membrane fuses with

the cell membrane of the T-cell. This releases two viral RNA strands and three enzymes Integrase, Protease and reverse transcriptase.

4.Reverse Transcription:

Reverse Transcriptase starts the Reverse transcription of the viral RNA. The reverse transcriptase has two Domains. The ribonuclease active site and the polymerase Acitve site. At the polymerase site the single stranded Viral RNA is transcribed into a DNA-RNA Double Helix. Ribonuclease breaks down the RNA. The Polymerase than completes the DNA strand. Than Intergrase cuts two sticky ends in the DNA at its ends.

It than transfers the viral DNA into the host DNA inside the Host DNA in the Nucleus and binds it with the host Genome which now contains Genetic information of HIV.

5.Transcription:

The DNA than starts to transcribe Which changes the viral DNA into the messenger RNA.

6.Translation:

The mRNA than migrates to the Cytoplasm. Where it is translated into the viral proteins. These are very large strands and have to be processed by the enzyme protease which cuts large strands into smaller proteins.

7.Exit of the new HIV:

The two viral RNA and enzymes come together and the core proteins assemble around them. This capsid now leaves the host cells acquiring a new sheath of host cell membrane.

The cell than matures and becomes ready to invade other cells.

Answer 3

The process of the HIV virus attacking a cell is extremely complex. The following is the procedure simplified:

1) HIV enters the blood system

2) HIV finds the T cells

3) HIV attaches itself to the special receptor site on the outside of the T cell

4) HIV releases its own RNA (molecule) into the T cell

5) The RNA converts itself into DNA (genetic code), and then inserts itself into the T cells own DNA

6) The HIV can hide in this DNA for weeks, months or even years as a "Pro-Virus" until it activates

7) Once it has activated, it then goes through a complex procedure where it replicates itself and then becomes protected by being individually wrapped/covered by part of the wall of the T cell, before then breaking loose to continue this procedure among other T cells.

Untreated, this process may complete and turn into AIDS in as little as 5-10 years.

With proper treatment and early detection, you can live with HIV for more than a decade. That doesn't mean your life will be easy at all.

Protect yourself 100% of the time when having sex.

Answer 4

All you need is lots of lots of cash ( shredded and liquified ) injected into your blood stream and it's roughly100,500 dollars. And your cured of HIV Aids.

Answer 5

Through sex or other contractions of blood and/or bodily fluids, the virus enters the body and replicates itself causing your immune system to shut down. This is what we call AIDS.