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What is process that moves molecules across a cell membrane from regions of lower concentration to higher concentration?
The process that can move molecules from a low to a high concentration through a cell membrane is active transport.
When an input of energy is required to move material through a cell membrane what transport takes place?
Active transport takes place when an input of energy is required to move material through a cell membrane. This process uses energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient, often utilizing specific carrier proteins to facilitate the transport.
What does the facilitated difussion depend on?
Facilitated diffusion depends on specific carrier proteins located in the cell membrane that help transport molecules across the membrane. These carrier proteins are selective and facilitate the movement of specific molecules based on their size, shape, and charge. Additionally, facilitated diffusion relies on the concentration gradient of the molecules to drive their movement across the membrane.
What are the main characteristics of facilitated diffusion?
Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that relies on carrier proteins to move specific molecules across the cell membrane. It does not require energy input from the cell and moves molecules down their concentration gradient. Facilitated diffusion is selective, allowing only specific molecules to cross the membrane based on their size and charge.
Where does the electron transport chain take place in the mitochondria?
The electron transport chain takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane of the mitochondria. It consists of a series of protein complexes that transfer electrons and generate a proton gradient across the inner membrane, which is used to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
What happens in the process of facilitated diffusion In what part of the membrane does it take place?
Facilitated diffusion is a passive transport process where molecules move across a cell membrane with the help of specific carrier proteins. These carrier proteins are present in the membrane and assist in the movement of molecules like sugars and amino acids down their concentration gradient. Facilitated diffusion occurs in the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane.
Are membranes often perforated by proteins that extend through both sides of the membrane?
Yes, proteins that span across membranes are called transmembrane proteins. These proteins play key roles in transporting molecules across membranes and in cell signaling. They have hydrophobic regions that interact with the membrane's lipid bilayer to anchor the protein in place.
How does active transport differ from the process of diffusion across a membrane?
Diffusion is the process in which a certain substance achieves equal concentrations in a specific area. Diffusion across a membrane means that the substance is equally distributed between both sides of the membrane, assuming the substance can pass through that membrane (the membrane is permeable to the substance).Active transport is just that, active. It requires energy because it is usually moving substances to a place where they would not naturally move or increases the rate of their disbursing. Active transport can move molecules against a concentration gradient, whereas diffusion cannot.Simply, active transport means that energy is needed to transport the object/molecule while diffusion is a naturally occurring process dependent on the concentration gradients between the membrane.
What gives the cell membrane support?
The plasma membrane is made up of Phospholipids and Proteins.Phospholipids have a hydrophilic "head" and a hydrophobic "tail". They form into two layers each with the "head" pointing outwards and the "tail" inwards. This means that the hydrophobic "tail" does not have contact with water.This enables;lipid-soluble molecules to move into and out of the cellprevent water-soluble molecules entering or leaving the cellthe membrane to be flexibleThe proteins are arranged more randomly and and are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer in two ways:Extrinsic proteins are on the surface and only partly embedded in it. They provide structural support or act as cell receptorsIntrinsic proteins occur across the plasma membrane and act as carriers to transport water-soluble molecules across the membrane. Some are enzymes.These proteins provide;supporta mechanism to transport water-soluble molecules across the membranea mechanism to allow active transport to take place by forming ion channels for sodium and potassium (to create the sodium-potassium pump)The last point about allowing active transport to take place is probably the most important.
What is the process of osmosis and active transport?
Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. Active transport, on the other hand, requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This process is carried out by specific protein pumps in the cell membrane.
Which statement best describes the events that take place within the mitochondrial membrane?
The mitochondrial membrane is where cellular respiration occurs, allowing the production of ATP energy molecules through the process of oxidative phosphorylation. This involves electron transport chain reactions across the inner mitochondrial membrane, leading to the generation of a proton gradient used to drive ATP synthesis.
When do cells exchange materials across the cell?
A bilayer of phospholipids regulates cell traffic. There are five methods of transport across the membrane; diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, co transport and endocytosis/exocytosis.
