Fuels are delivered to piston engines as a gas, either as natural gas or vaporized liquid fuel. Burning the fuel mixture changes the cool fuel into a hot vapor (CO2 and H2O). The hot vapor takes up more room than the cool inlet fuel and expands. The expanding gases move the piston.
The purpose of the spark is to ignite the air fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. When the air fuel mixture ignites the expansion of the burning air fuel mixture causes the piston to go down thus turning the crankshaft.
The fuel/air mixture is compressed by the piston moving upwards, the spark plug ignites that mixture and causes an explosion which pushes the piston downward.
Any combustion needs Fuel, Oxygen and heat. In a petrol engine, the fuel and air are mixed in either a carburettor, or a fuel injector system. The heat is supplied by the spark plug and maintained once the mixture is burning rapidly. The massive expansion of the burning gas, is used to push the piston. In a CI (compression ignition diesel) engine, The air is drawn in, diesel fuel is sprayed into it and the piston compresses it. This compression alone, causes heat, which is enough to cause combustion. The same expansion of the burning gas, is used to do work on the piston.
This is during "combustion" which is the "power" stage of the operation.
When the piston compresses the fuel-air mixture, the spark ignites it, causing combustion
Timing , pure and simple. If the timing is out then your fuel / mixture will detonate when the piston is in the wrong position in the cylinder. This can lead to a backfire
Blue smoke indicates the engine is burning oil. If it is a 2-stroke, the fuel/oil mixture has too much oil. If it is a 4-stroke, there is too much oil in the reservoir or the valve seal are leaking, or the piston rings are worn.
the purpose is to ignite the fuel /air mixture at such a time that the resulting burn causes expansions of the gases which forces the piston down and so turns the crankshaft.
most likely do bad piston rings or possibly an improper fuel mixture/////it is burning oil and your plugs are fouled , use hotter plugs
Bad piston rings. Get new engine.
As the piston rises it compresses the fuel-air mixture and simultaneously sucks fuel and air into the crankcase. A little bit after top dead center, the spark plug fires the compressed mixture forcing the piston back down. As the piston travels down, it uncovers the exhaust and intake ports. The fuel-air mixture in the crank case is forced into the cylinder and blows most of the exhaust gas out by the time the piston starts upwards again and covers the exhaust port. The piston continues upwards to compress the fuel-air mixture and the next cycle starts. There is a very nice animation at the link, below.
Diesels run on compressed fuel and air. An injector pump sprays fuel into the cylinder and mixes it with the air. When the piston rises to the top of the cylinder it compresses the fuel / air mixture and causes the mixture to ignite powering the engine. The speed of the engine is controled by the throttle plate which controls the amount of air entering the engine as well as the metering valve on the diesel pump which controls the amount of fuel that is sprayed into the cylinder.