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The eye can't focus on things too close because, the eye is 'made' to focus on things at a certain distance. So even if you are near-sighted you will have problems seeing things too close to the eye.
it means the focus allows us to focus the lens to see a clearer view of an object
Adjustment knobs are used to focus light in a light microscope.
Convergence
adjustment knobs
Be sure not to confuse the roles of the ciliary muscles and pupillary muscles; this is a mistake that even the experts make at times. The ciliary muscles do not control the size of the pupils - this is the job of the sphincter pupillae and dilator pupillae. The ciliary muscles adjust the shape of the lenses in order to focus the eyes. They are attached to the zonules of Zinn, which are in turn attached to the lenses. Contraction of the ciliary muscles slackens the zonules so they don't pull so much on the lenses. The lenses become rounder, and the eyes can focus on a nearby object. When the ciliary muscles relax, the zonules pull the edges of the lenses so they become flatter and thinner for distance vision. This is the basic mechanism of accomodation. There is some disagreement regarding the details - look up Helmholtz and Schachar if you are interested.
The function of ciliary muscles is it controls the accomodation for viewing objects at varying distances and regulates the flow of aqueous humour into Schelm's canal. It changes the shape of the lens within the eye, not the size of the pupil which is carried out by the sphincter pupillae muscle. The muscle has parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation.
They pull the lens to make it long and thin.
The ciliary body has three functions: accommodation, aqueous humor production and the production and maintenance of the lens zonules. Accommodation essentially means that when the ciliary muscle contracts, the lens becomes more convex, generally improving the focus for closer objects. When it relaxes, it flattens the lens, generally improving the focus for farther objects. One of the essential roles of the ciliary body is also the production of the aqueous humor, which is responsible for providing most of the nutrients for the lens and the cornea and involved in waste management of these areas.
If a person is looking at a near object. the cranial nerve tells the ciliary muscles to alter the focal distance of the eye. This causes nearer or farther images to come into focus on the retina. They call this process accommodation.
The ciliary body is behind the iris in the human eye. Tiny cilia (fibers) called zonules attach the ciliary body to the eye's lens. When focusing on close objects, the ciliary body contracts and the zonules relax, allowing the lens to thicken and improve the focus. When looking at a distant object, the ciliary body relaxes and the zonules contract, making the lens thinner for sharper distance vision.
The ciliary muscles are sphincter muscle that controls the thickness of the lens. Each eye has a ciliary muscle around the lens of the eye. When the muscle contracts the lens gets compressed, and therefore thicker, meaning that it refracts light more (and shortens the focal distance). When it relaxes the reverse is true. They are innervated by parasympathetic fibres originating in the occulomotor nucelus of the midbrain which travel (along with somatic fibres to the extrinsic muscles of the eye) along the occulomotor nerve (cranial nerve III). okkk
The human eye has the ability to absorb light that is emitted and reflected from the environment. Visible light rays from some source, such as the Sun or a lamp, are emitted and transmitted. Light is absorbed from any and every object that it touches. That object absorbs the light that the corresponding pigment is able to absorb, such as chlorophyll absorbing red light. That light is absorbed into the eye and is processed to the brain via the optical nerve to create an image. Of course, any eye disorder, such as myopia or astigmatism, hinders the ability for the light to be properly processed and to be seen clearly by the eye.
The two involuntary muscles that make up the front part of the eye are the iris and the ciliary body. The iris controls the size of the pupil, regulating the amount of light entering the eye. The ciliary body adjusts the shape of the lens, enabling the eye to focus on near or distant objects.
As an object gets farther from your eye, the focal length of the lens has to increase. The muscles around the lens stretch it so it has a less convex shape. But when you focus on a nearby object, these muscles make the lens more curved, causing the focal length to decrease.
The ciliary muscles which relax to help the eye see far away by expanding and pulling the lens and stretching it and contract to scrunch the lens up and see close up. By shrinking the lens, they allow it to bend light at a more drastic angle to focus on close up images.
For near objects, the ciliary muscles will contracts causing the zonular fibers to relax which causes the lens to become rounder which shortens the focal length allowing the objects to be seen up close. For distance objects: the ciliary muscles will relax causing the zonular fibers to tighten which causes the lens to be flatten which lengthen the focal length allowing the objects to be seen at a distance.