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How does the coil of wire wrap around the iron core works as a surge suppressor?
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
A coil of wire wrapped around an iron core forms an inductor. In AC systems, an inductor's impedance appears equivalent to j*w*L (j = i = imaginary number, w = omega = frequency in radians, L = inductance).
A surge is inherently high frequency. Here's an example to help explain why this acts as a surge supressor:
Say I have a 10mH surge supressing inductor. My device uses 1 amp of current at 120 volts, so its' resistance is 120 ohms. Under normal operation (60 Hz), the inductor's impedance appears as (j*2*pi*60*10/1,000) 3.8 ohms. Voltage to my device is ~120 volts, and voltage dropped (or "supressed") is (3.8 / (120 + 3.8) * 120 ) = 3.7 volts. My device is only seeing 116.3 volts with this inductor in place, but that's not enough of a dip to hurt its' operation.
A power surge hits this device. This power surge is at a frequency of 50kHz, and a voltage of 80v (an overvoltage to my device of 120 + 80 = 200 volts). The impedance of the inductor "looks like" (j*pi*50,000*10/1,000) 3141 ohms, which is in series with my 120 ohm load. The surge voltage dropped across the inductor is (3141 / (3141+120) * 80) = 77 volts, so my device gets hit with ~3 surge volts (total voltage = 60 Hz voltage of 116.3 + 50kHz voltage of 3 = 119.3 volts).
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
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