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Generally speaking, there are two chief executives in France, the President and the Prime Minister, making France a Semi-Presidential Republic.

When the President and Prime Minister are from the same party, the President usually exercises control over all matters of state for which the executive has prerogatives. The President will delegate some responsibilities to the Prime Minister, but the Prime Minister has little independence from the President.

When the President and Prime Minister are from opposite parties, this is called "Cohabitation". While there is no law specifying how powers are divided in a case of cohabitation, it is now tradition that the president takes care of foreign policy and defense policy, while the prime minister takes care of domestic policy and economic policy.

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9y ago

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