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How does the exonuclease capability of DNA Pol I and Pol III differ?
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What is the difference between DNA polymerase I II and III?
DNA polymerase I, II, and III are enzymes involved in DNA replication in prokaryotes. DNA polymerase I is responsible for removing RNA primers during DNA replication and filling the gaps with DNA nucleotides. DNA polymerase II is involved in DNA repair pathways, particularly in response to DNA damage. DNA polymerase III is the main enzyme responsible for synthesizing a new DNA strand during replication. It has a high processivity and is the primary enzyme involved in synthesizing the leading and lagging strands of DNA.
What are the elements of DNA polymerase?
DNA polymerase III (not DNA polymerase) is an enzyme that works in association with other enzymes during the replication of a DNA molecule. DNA replication begins when the enzyme, known as helicase unwinds a DNA strand. Helicase unwinds a DNA strand, thus, in the process, separating the two DNA templates. The result of the unwinding of the DNA molecule is the formation of a replication bubble. Once a DNA molecule is unwound, it is not stable. The DNA molecule is untwisted, broken and rearranged by an enzyme called topoisomerase in order to create stability at the ends of a replication bubble. In addition, the DNA replication bubble is further stabilized by a group of protein complexes known as single strand binding proteins.Once the DNA molecule is unwound and stabilized, an enzyme called primase assembles an RNA sequence that is complementary to the adjacent DNA template. The purpose of this initial RNA sequence is to provide a point at which DNA polymerase III can start to add nucleotides to the corresponding DNA template. Unlike RNA polymerase, DNA polymerase III requires an RNA sequence, which is known as a primer. DNA polymerase III can attach a nucleotide only to the 3 prime end of an existing nucleotide sequence. Once a primer is assembled by primase, DNA polymerase III begins its work of adding nucleotides to the 3 prime end of the primer.It is important to note that replication proceeds in two directions, since a DNA replication bubble consists of two DNA templates. Since DNA polymerase III proceeds in the three prime to 5 prime direction at one DNA template, it also has to proceed in the 3 prime to 5 prime direction on the other DNA template. Since the template run in opposite directions, the second template will consist of multiple primers and thus short segments of DNA. These short segments of DNA are known as Okazaki fragments. The Okazaki fragments are created by DNA polymerase three since it is only able to proceed in the 3 prime to 5 prime direction.After DNA polymerase III completes its work, DNA polymerase I begins to replace the RNA nucleotides of the primers with DNA nucleotides. Once DNA polymerase I replaces the RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides, DNA ligase joins the Okazaki fragments together and the result is a new DNA template.
Why does DNA replication have to be in an anti-parallel direction?
DNA polymerase III can only work in the 5' to 3' direction.
What chemical is an enzyme that add nucleotides to a new strand of DNA during replication?
DNA Polymerase is the enzyme which adds new nucleotides during replication.
What are the 2 enzymes involved in duplicating DNA?
More than two enzymes are involved, but the main ones are DNA Polymerases (Pol III and Pol I in Prokaryotes, Pol α, Pol δ and Pol ε in Eukaryotes).In vitro you can achieve replication with only taq polymerase and two primers.
What is the difference between DNA polymerase III and DNA polymerase I?
pol 1 - exonuclease activity pol 2 - dna repair pol 3 - primary replication enzyme
What is the difference between DNA polymerase I II and III?
DNA polymerase I, II, and III are enzymes involved in DNA replication in prokaryotes. DNA polymerase I is responsible for removing RNA primers during DNA replication and filling the gaps with DNA nucleotides. DNA polymerase II is involved in DNA repair pathways, particularly in response to DNA damage. DNA polymerase III is the main enzyme responsible for synthesizing a new DNA strand during replication. It has a high processivity and is the primary enzyme involved in synthesizing the leading and lagging strands of DNA.
What enzyme elongates DNA?
DNA Polymerase III
What are the four enzymes involved in DNA replication and repair?
DNA polymerase III DNA polymerase I DNA Ligase DNA Helicase
What are the elements of DNA polymerase?
DNA polymerase III (not DNA polymerase) is an enzyme that works in association with other enzymes during the replication of a DNA molecule. DNA replication begins when the enzyme, known as helicase unwinds a DNA strand. Helicase unwinds a DNA strand, thus, in the process, separating the two DNA templates. The result of the unwinding of the DNA molecule is the formation of a replication bubble. Once a DNA molecule is unwound, it is not stable. The DNA molecule is untwisted, broken and rearranged by an enzyme called topoisomerase in order to create stability at the ends of a replication bubble. In addition, the DNA replication bubble is further stabilized by a group of protein complexes known as single strand binding proteins.Once the DNA molecule is unwound and stabilized, an enzyme called primase assembles an RNA sequence that is complementary to the adjacent DNA template. The purpose of this initial RNA sequence is to provide a point at which DNA polymerase III can start to add nucleotides to the corresponding DNA template. Unlike RNA polymerase, DNA polymerase III requires an RNA sequence, which is known as a primer. DNA polymerase III can attach a nucleotide only to the 3 prime end of an existing nucleotide sequence. Once a primer is assembled by primase, DNA polymerase III begins its work of adding nucleotides to the 3 prime end of the primer.It is important to note that replication proceeds in two directions, since a DNA replication bubble consists of two DNA templates. Since DNA polymerase III proceeds in the three prime to 5 prime direction at one DNA template, it also has to proceed in the 3 prime to 5 prime direction on the other DNA template. Since the template run in opposite directions, the second template will consist of multiple primers and thus short segments of DNA. These short segments of DNA are known as Okazaki fragments. The Okazaki fragments are created by DNA polymerase three since it is only able to proceed in the 3 prime to 5 prime direction.After DNA polymerase III completes its work, DNA polymerase I begins to replace the RNA nucleotides of the primers with DNA nucleotides. Once DNA polymerase I replaces the RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides, DNA ligase joins the Okazaki fragments together and the result is a new DNA template.
What is the name of the two enzymes that help in the duplication of DNA?
More than two enzymes are involved. However, the main ones are DNA Polymerase I and DNA Polymerase III. DNA Polymerase III adds new nucleotides and DNA Polymerase I removes primers.
How does transcription differ from DNA replication Describe at least four differences?
DNA replication produces a complimentary DNA strand. Transcription produces a complimentary mRNA strand. The major enzyme that carries out DNA replication is DNA Polymerase III (in prokaryotes). The major enzyme that carries out transcription is RNA Polymerase. DNA replication results in two copies of the DNA. Transciption does not affect the DNA - it simply re-anneals (re-joins) after the process. In DNA replication the complementary base to A is T. In transcription the complementary base to A is U.
What is the enzyme that synthesizes mRna using DNA as a template?
RNA polymerase
How do Ivan the IV and the III differ?
Ivan III is the son of Ivan the VI. ((go to Wikipedia.com for more information))
What enzyme transcribes DNA?
The enzyme that transcribes the DNA into RNA is called RNA polymerase.
Why does DNA replication have to be in an anti-parallel direction?
DNA polymerase III can only work in the 5' to 3' direction.
What way can DNA segments be changed such that genes are altered or mutated?
Genes are altered in a process known as Mutation
