The ' E ' field vector of an electromagnetic wave is reversed upon reflection.
"Polarizing" material doesn't distinguish between the positive and negative
excursions of the E field, so the flip at the reflecting surface isn't apparent.
It enters into the geometry of interference that's due to the combination of
a direct signal and a reflection of the same one.
It is double of the incoming wave.
yes
When an incoming wave combines with a reflected wave in such a way that the combined wave appears to be standing still the result is a standing still wave.
Standing waves are formed when the reflected wave reinforces the initial wave at a resonant frequency. At other frequencies, the reflected wave tends to cancel out the initial wave. One example of a standing wave is when a guitar string is plucked. Due to the tension of the string, the length, and the mass, the string will vibrate at one frequency.
standing wave :)
The Doppler effect is used in radar to provide information regarding the speed of moving targets by measuring the frequency shift between the emitted and the reflected radiation. A transmitter produces pulsed radio frequency radiation. It is fed to a movable aerial from which it is transmitted as a beam. When the beam strikes the moving vehicle a part of the energy of the radiation is reflected back to the aerial. Signals received by the aerial are passed to the receiver, where they are amplified and detected. There will be a shift in frequency of the reflected wave and emitted wave due to the Doppler effect. The apparent frequency of the reflected wave is given by F = f ( 1 - v/c ) where v is the speed at which the source and the observer are moving apart and c is the speed of electromagnetic radiation, f is the real frequency or the frequency of the emitted signal The output of the detector is usually displayed on a cathode ray tube. The apparent frequency is measured and thus the speed of the vehicle is calculated. A heterodyne device may also be used in which beats are produced by superimposing the emitted radio wave over the reflected (from the vehicle) radio wave. In the heterodyne wave meter, a variable frequency local oscillator is adjusted to give predetermined beat frequency with the incoming reflected wave, enabling the frequency of the reflected wave which has had Doppler shift to be determined. Thus the speed of the vehicle can be determined.
It is double of the incoming wave.
interference between the incoming and reflected waves of the same frequency
yes
When an incoming wave combines with a reflected wave in such a way that the combined wave appears to be standing still the result is a standing still wave.
When an incoming wave combines with a reflected wave in such a way that the combined wave appears to be standing still the result is a standing still wave.
When an incoming wave combines with a reflected wave in such a way that the combined wave appears to be standing still the result is a standing still wave.
Standing waves are formed when the reflected wave reinforces the initial wave at a resonant frequency. At other frequencies, the reflected wave tends to cancel out the initial wave. One example of a standing wave is when a guitar string is plucked. Due to the tension of the string, the length, and the mass, the string will vibrate at one frequency.
standing wave
longitudinalal waves
standing wave :)
standing wave :)
Refraction