How does uneven heating on earth occur?

Answer 1

It is due to different angle sunlight shine on different part of earth.

The Heat gain to earth is from the Sun and loss to space.

Sunlight reach earth at different angle and it is peak at the equator. On North and South pole, the sunlight reach surface at very narrow angle and the sunlight per surface area is a lot lesser that on the equator. While heat gain is uneven but heat loss is even that is colder climate at north and south and hotter climate at equator.

In addition, earth rotate around the axis that is slightly tilt. It yield summer on northern hemisphere when it tilt down toward sun (sunlight reach at right angle) and winter when it tilt away from sun (sunlight reach at steep angle).

Important to note: hotter and colder climate is not about the distance of the sun but angle that sunlight shine on earth.

Answer 2

Low Pressure

Answer 3

The Earth's weather.