Well as far as i know, when light enters water, it is refracted (bent), this makes the object that the light hits appear to look different as it wold in the air.
the calcuim diposits into them
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It breaks open rocks (erosion)
No. It is a chemical change. Simply boiling water would be a change of state.
The change is physical because the change is reversible. Evaporate the water and you are left with the sugar, no new substances are produced; the sugar stays sugar and the water, water.
Steam is gas. Gaseous water to be exact.
Both acids and bases.
water
because it is reversible and no new substances are formed
If I understand your question correctly, it would be a change in composition that signifies a chemical change. Physical changes are only appearance, while a chemical change alters the substances' entire composition.
In a chemical change a substance undergoes a change in chemical composition. The appearance of the gold was changed in this case and not chemically combined with other elements to form new substances. Thus, this change is a physical change.
The water pH will change when substances are added to water. If the pH is more than 7 it makes the water basic and if it is less than 7 the water is acidic.