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Your latitude!
angle it makes with respect to horizon is equal to observers latitude. i.e. Philadelphia latitude 40 degrees so Polaris 40 degrees above horizon
It would be 41 degrees above the horizon, directly north of you.
The latitude of the observer is equal to the altitude of Polaris. Therefore, if the altitude of Polaris is 43 degrees, then the latitude of the observer is 43 degrees.
Polaris will be 23.5 degrees above the northern horizon when viewed from the Tropic of Cancer.
whatever latitude you are at, that is the angle to polaris.. and the other way around
Seattle's latitude is about 47.6 degrees North. So the altitude of Polaris above the northern horizon is always within about 1/3 degree of that angle as seen from there.
Polaris (or the North Star) is almost directly above the North pole. This means that when you stand on the north pole and look directly up, you will see Polaris. This also means that when you stand at the equator and look directly north, you will see Polaris on the horizon. You can not see Polaris from the Southern Hemisphere. The angle Polaris is above the horizon is equal to the degree latitude that you are standing on. Therefore at the equator, Polaris is 0 degrees above the horizon and at the north pole, Polaris is 90 degrees above the horizon.
If the star Polaris is 29 degrees above the horizon, then your latitude is about 29 degrees North.Polaris is not exactly above the North Pole, but it is only about one-half degree away from that.
The angle of Polaris above the horizon is the same as the latitude from which you are trying to measure it. Hollywood Florida has a latitude of ~26 degrees, so Polaris is 26 degrees above the northern horizon.
Fairbanks is located at latitude 64.8 degrees north, so the north celestial pole is always 64.8 degrees above the horizon. Polaris itself is presently about 0.7 degrees from the celestial pole, so its altitude above the horizon will vary between 64.1 and 65.5 degrees during the course of a sidereal day.
If Polaris appears 60° above the northern horizon, then you are pretty near 60° north latitude. If you're on the equator ... 0° north latitude ... then Polaris is on the horizon ... 0° altitude. If you're at the north pole ... 90° north latitude ... then Polaris is over your head ... 90° altitude. The altitude above the northern horizon at which Polaris appears is nearly identical to your north latitude. ================================================= The difference (error) between Polaris and the real North Celestial Pole is about 0.7 degree. Not good enough for precise navigation or surveying, but just fine for directions when you're hiking.