The distance across the Atlantic Ocean from Portsmouth, England to Rhode Island is about 3,300 miles. In the 16th Century, it was about 3,300 miles. The length of time it took to sail this distance depended on the winds, but usually took 2 to 4 months.
It all depends on the wind.
It does not really matter. Just what rate of speed you are traveling at
Francis Xavier was a 16th century Jesuit missionary who served in the far east.
The best way by far (may websites etc) is a Cruise Ship from Southampton to NYC
1344
Most travel about 15 miles per hour. However, in 24 hours a ship could travel 360 miles during that time. At 20 mph, it would travel 480 miles.
Not very far at all. Lemnos was used for casualties, as was Imbros. It was only a few hours travel by ship.
The sound of a volcano that exploded in Indonesia in the 19th century traveled around the world. How far sound will travel depends on how loud it is.
It seems to come from the Proto-Germanic 'skokhaz', and has been around far before the 16th century. Added the source link as related link.
We can not answer your question because you have failed to specify the country to which this eastern shore belongs.
The mineral fluorite is composed of calcium fluoride. The mineral is very colorful and often a greenish color. It had been discovered as far back as the 16th century.