Somewhere around 26,000 light-years.
About 2.5 million light years from Earth, but since the Earth and Sun are only 8 light minutes apart, there isn't that much of a difference in how far the Andromeda Galaxy is from the Sun or Earth. So the Andromeda Galaxy is about 2.5 million light years from the Sun and Earth.
About 25,000 light years away...
No. The black hole at the center of the galaxy is too far away to affect earth.
approximatley 25,000 Light Years away
Far
Yes, there is a very large black hole at the center of our galaxy. It has a mass of about three million suns and is very far from Earth at a distance of about 24,000 light-years. Huge black holes are thought to occur naturally at the center of most large galaxies and many have already been detected. The black hole which lies at the center of our galaxy is much too far away to be of any danger to Earth.
The super-massive black hole at the center of MY galaxy is about 25,000 light years from me. Not sure how far away you are from the center of YOUR galaxy, however.
Andromeda galaxy is approximately 2.5 million light years from the Milky Way however there is a dwarf galaxy discovered in 2003 named Canis Major that appears to be in the process of being absorbed by the Milky Way and Canis Major is only 42000 light years from our galactic core but only 25000 light years from Earth.
Ummmm.... No. The Moon orbits the Earth. The Earth orbits the Sun. The Sun orbits the center of the galaxy. Light things in orbit, heavier things in the center of the orbit. Well not exactly, they revolve around their common center of mass. This may or may not be at the exact center as far as distance. The common center of mass of the Moon and the Earth is located inside the earth, but not at the center of the Earth.
The Earth is inside the milky way galaxy. It's our own galaxy.
Our Sun and solar system are part of the Milky Way galaxy; so are you. It's right here.
We're in it.