Infinite. It doesn't affect it at all. Vertical distance doesn't have an affect on a trap.
P-trap may be cracked, nuts are loose on p-trap, or check for leak above p-trap that may be dripping down on p-trap.
Directly under each sink.
Directly under each sink.
If you know that the ring has not flushed into the main line, remove the p-trap from under the sink. The ring will most likely be in there. The p-trap is the u-shaped section of the drain pipe.
under the sink waste plug hole
By disconnecting it from the tail piece and the piping on the outlet side of the trap
There SHOULD be water in the "P-Trap" below the sink. The trap keeps sewer gas from entering the house. It's called a "P-Trap" because of the shape, it's shaped like the letter "P" on it's side. If the water drains from the trap, it's the right level.
You need aP-trap under every sink. Get a plumber if you don't know what you are doing.
WIthout a P-trap or a goose-neck, it will allow odors and fumes and maybe varmints to come back up the pipe.
Depends on the mateiral you already have (PVC) Galvanized nippe and brass P trap or rough brass connectiong to the trap and then of course what size of drain basin, KS, Slop Sink
If you are referring to a P trap under a sink, you loosen a large nut at each end and remover the entire P trap. If there is no nut at the downstream end, then you cut the pipe. If you don't know how, call a plumber,it's a very simple job.
To the upstream side of the closest sink P-Trap.