natural selection, if a victim of a bacterial disease takes penicillin and the bacteria survives it is spread and reproduces, but those that don't have more resistance are either destroyed or have lower numbers
Carry the same resistance to penicillin as the parent bacteria. This resistance is usually conferred through genetic mutations or acquisition of resistance genes, allowing the offspring bacteria to withstand the effects of penicillin.
This isn't entirely true. Penicillin is still as effective against the bacteria that it combated 50 years ago, but new strains of penicillin resistant bacteria have evolved since 50 years ago. This means that penicillin is less effective against a larger percentage of bacteria than it was 50 years ago, solely because of the new, anti-biotic resistant strains. For more information, search Natural Selection.
It's not up to you, it's up to the bacteria which are infecting you. If you already have bacteria with high resistance to penicillin, it won't work the first time. If your bacterial infection has no genes for resistance, penicillin could work forever. So the answer varies between 0 and infinity. This is not a question for wiki, but for your physician.
Penicillin comes from an antibiotic made by one microbe that acts only against certain others. Some microbes are just resistant toward the antibiotic and another will have to be used. At times not enough or a dose that is too weak will prevent the antibiotic from working. Some antibiotics will work only on Gram negative or Gram positive bacteria. Some are broad spectrum and will work on both.It just is that penicillin resistant bacteria are not affected by penicillin. These have mutated and evolved to resist penicillin. These are often called "super bugs".
Penicillin is effective against gram positive and negative coccus types of bacteria and gram positive bacillus types of bacteria only. So it does not cover all the infections. Now a days many bacteria has developed resistance to it.
it is grown from bacteria
Yes, penicillin prevents the formation of new bacterial cell wall. If a bacteria reproduces, new cell wall cannot be produced and the cell lyses and dies. However penicillin has no effect on a quiescent (non-reproducing) bacteria. Therefore penicillin is also called a bacteriostatic agent (prevents growth of bacteria), which means penicillin does stop bacteria from reproducing.
Exposure to penicillin can lead to the survival of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in a population as non-resistant bacteria are killed off, leaving behind those that have developed resistance. Over time, this can increase the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains within the population. It highlights the importance of responsible antibiotic use to prevent the emergence and spread of resistance.
The body does not build up immunity to penicillin. The bacteria that penicillin is designed to kill does. When you have a bacterial infection a doctor may prescribe penicillin to kill the bacteria off. As you take the penicillin more and more bacteria are killed within your system and you start to feel better. As you start to feel better you become less aware of the symptoms of the infection and are inclined to forget to keep taking the remainder if your penicillin (after all I feel fine you say) the problem however is that some of the bacteria are not killed of if the coarse of medicine is not finished. These bacteria are likely to form a resistance to penicillin as a result of their exposure making the illness harder to treat next time. Some illnesses that were once easily treated with penicillin are now very difficult or impossible to treat. Many as the direct result of over use or improper use of penicillin.
The first observations that penicillium mold killed bacteria was in 1874. Sir Alexander Fleming identified penicillin as the chemical produced by penicillium mold that killed bacteria in 1928. He was able to separate small quantities of penicillin. Ernst Chain, Howard Florey and Edward Abraham succeeded in purifying the first penicillin, penicillin G, in 1942 for the Allied military, but it did not become available outside the Allied military before 1945. However the rapid development of antibiotic resistance due to antibiotic misuse has resulted in penicillin and many other antibiotics now being ineffective on most bacteria. There is only one remaining antibiotic (vancomycin) to which no bacteria have developed any resistance!
penicillin it is a anticiotic producted by molds of peniciullium genera.
Penicillin kills bacteria by interfering with their cell wall formation, weakening the structure and causing the bacteria to burst and die.