Both have similar stories and core beliefs in their sacred texts and in general, as between many religions.
Catholicism is the largest at like 90% of the population. Islam is 2nd at 5%.
Anglican, Catholicism and Islam
Islam, Buddhism, Catholicism.
Islam and Catholicism
In terms of population, the ten largest countries (and the religions that have the highest number of devotees in them) are, in order: China (Taoism), India (Hinduism), United States (Christianity, mostly Protestant), Indonesia (Islam), Brazil (Roman Catholic), Pakistan (Islam), Bangladesh (Islam), Nigeria (Islam), Russia (Russian Orthodoxy), and Japan (Shintoism). In order of area, the ten largest countries (and their most popular religions) are, in order: Russia (Russian Orthodoxy), Canada (Roman Catholicism), United States (Christianity, mostly Protestant), China (Taoism), Brazil (Roman Catholicism), Australia (Catholicism), India (Hinduism), Argentina (Roman Catholicism), Kazakhstan (Islam), and Sudan (Islam--Sunni).
Yes. In Islam, anyone can marry, and it isn't like Catholicism, where the high officials in religion must remain celibate.
catholicism, Islam, Buddhist, and Hindu, and Christanity
Both believe in one God.
Parish is a term that belongs specifically to Catholicism. There is no term in Islam for a the local community that goes to a single mosque.
The primary difference is the belief and respect for One God(Allah) vs. The trinity. Please see the Related Question below on the differences between Christianity in general and Islam. Most of those differences also apply to Catholicism and Islam.
Taoism, Buddhism, Islam, Catholicism, Protestantism
The "3" world religions are Catholicism , Judaism , and Islam