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According to the momentum principle, the change in momentum of an object is equal to the net force acting on the object by the amount of time the force is acting on it. This is encapsulated in Newton's second law.

mVf-mVo=F*t

Where m is the mass, Vf is the final velocity (after applying a force over time t), Vo is the object's initial velocity (before applying the force), F is the net force being exerted on the object and t is the amount of time the force is exerted on the object. Rearrange this equation a little bit, and you'll see how mass is related to changing and object's velocity:

Vf-Vo=(F*t)/m

If you hold F and t constant then you'll see that the change in velocity (due to the force exerted over a time t) gets smaller as mass gets greater. Therefore, the greater the mass an object has, the harder it is to change it's velocity.

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