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Ionic Bonding

Elements can combine with other elements by ionic bonding, in which one atom gains one or more electrons, forming a negatively charged ion, and the other atom loses one or more electrons, forming a positively charged ion. The oppositely charged ions combine by means of electrostatic attraction to form an ionic compound.

Covalent Bonding

Elements combine to form molecules by means of covalent bonding, in which the atoms of both elements share electrons in a covalent bond.

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An element's position on the Periodic Table determines whether it is a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid. Elements have the properties of what ever category they fall under, for example, iron is a metal, therefore it is shiny, a good conductor of electricity, and solid at room temperature. There are a few exceptions, of course.

Now from an element's category we can determine whether it will form an ionic bond or covalent bond when combined with another element. Ionic bonds are the result of a metal and a nonmetal, whereas covalent bonds are the result of a metal and a metal.

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Q: How is an elements position on the periodic table used to understand its properties and predict the type of bond it will likely form when combined with another element?
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