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Turbine is only a device that is rotating when a fluid (water, air, steam,...) flows through it. It is attached to a generator, that generates (as a name implies) electricity when being turned. Generator can be an ordinary 3-phase electric motor: if it is connected to electricity, it rotates (converting electrical energy to mechanical), if you rotate it, it generates electricity.

3-phase motors only rotate as fast as the frequency of the grid determines (e.g. 50 Hz = 50 x 60 s = 3000 rpm, 60 Hz - 3600 rpm; it is a bit less due to reactive power, but let's keep it simple). When working as generator, the turbine is constantly "trying" to rotate generator faster than its normal speed, and the motor is resisting it by pushing electricity back into the grid.

If the generator is not connected to the grid, one has to control the speed of the turbine (since the generator does not know how fast it should rotate).

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