No two comets are the same, and you haven't mentioned
which one you're interested in.
it depends
33 years.
33 years
33 years, according to Wikipedia.
76 years
The comet responsible for the Leonids meteor shower is Comet Tempel-Tuttle, which takes about 33 years to complete one orbit around the sun. When Earth passes through the debris trail left behind by this comet, we experience the annual Leonids meteor shower.
Invisible to our eyes, ionic "winds" are constantly blowing away from the sun. As a comet passes in a long, elliptical orbit, its tail is pushed away from the sun by these solar winds. Since most of the visible part of the comet is its tail, this is a very visible effect. Of course, there is no air resistance in the vacuum of outer space, a comet's orbit will not make it more elongated, smooth, etc.
That depends on where in its orbit the comet is. Near the Sun, the comet was moving VERY fast indeed, but in 1200 years or so, a few hundred AU from the Sun, it will hardly be moving at all. And then it will begin to make its long fall back into the inner solar system.
That depends on what you call 'long' or 'short'. Halley's period is in the neighborhood of 75 years, give or take a few years. Since that's short enough for two perihelions to occur within a single human lifetime, I guess it ought to be considered a short period.
comets can do this (depending on there make up) however this is rare as a comet is actually a satelite, it is stuck in a orbit. an asteroid burning up in the atmosphere is more likely, thiese rocks are not in orbit.
A comet is visible for only a short portion of its orbit around the sun because it only becomes bright and visible when it gets closer to the sun. As it approaches the sun, the sun's heat vaporizes the comet's icy surface, creating a glowing coma and tail that make it visible from Earth. Once the comet moves away from the sun, it becomes dimmer and harder to see.
comets can do this (depending on there make up) however this is rare as a comet is actually a satelite, it is stuck in a orbit. an asteroid burning up in the atmosphere is more likely, thiese rocks are not in orbit.