How long it takes is the distance divided by the speed.
It takes one day for the Earth to rotate once on its axis. It takes about 365.25 days for the Earth to travel (orbit) once around the Sun.
It really requires an entire year for earth to loop-de-loop the sun. That is what the definition of a year is--the amount of time it takes our orb to orbit once.
It takes Jupiter approximately 12 years to orbit the sun.
It takes the Moon 27.322 days to go around the Earth once.
It takes around 355.9 days but changes every 4 years to around 356 days.
About 365.25 days (hence an extra day every 4 years) or 1.0000174 years on the Gregorian calendar we use.
the time it takes the satellite to travel around the earth once
It takes mars 687 days for mars to travel around the sun once
The Sun - and of course our entire Solar System - takes an estimated 240 million years to go once around the center of the Milky Way.
A planets day (solar day) is the time it takes to rotate once on its axis relative to the sun, the synodic period. A year on a planet is the time taken for the planet travel once around the sun.
14 days
That's how long it takes for the Moon to orbit the Earth once.