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Can someone help me practice my economics test?
PART A - Questions 1 - 7Consider a market where demand is D: P = 30 - Q and supply is S: P = 0.5Q.1. Equilibrium quantity Qe isa. $17b. $18c. $19d. $202. Equilibrium is price Pea. 10b. 11c. 12d. 133. Consumer surplus CS isa. $199b. $200c. $201d. $2024. Producer surplus PS isa. $98b. $99c. $100d. $1015. Total surplus TS isa. $220b. $300c. $323d. $4446. When the government imposes a price floor = $20, disequilibrium between quantity demanded and quantity supplied results ina. Deficit = 10b. Surplus = 10c. Deficit = 30d. Surplus = 307. Total surplus TS' with the price floor isa. $220b. $225c. $230d. $235PART B - Questions 8 - 28Consider a market where demand is D: P = 40 - Q and supply is S: P = Q.8. Equilibrium quantity Qe isa. 16b. 18c. 20d. 229. Equilibrium price Pe isa. $18b. $20c. $22d. $2410. Consumer surplus CS isa. $198b. $199c. $200d. $20111. Producer surplus PS isa. $198b. $199c. $200d. $20112. Total surplus TS isa. $390b. $394c. $396d. $400Impose a specific tax T = $4 on each unit sold in the above market.13. Post-tax quantity Q' isa. 16b. 18c. 20d. 2214. Post-tax price P' isa. $18b. $20c. $22d. $2415. Consumer surplus CS' isa. $156b. $158c. $160d. $16216. Producer surplus PS' isa. $156b. $158c. $160d. $16217. Tax revenue TR of the government isa. $68b. $70c. $72d. $7418. Total surplus TS' isa. $390b. $394c. $396d. $400Consider a market where demand is: P = 70 - Q and supply is S: P = Q.19. Equilibrium quantity Qe isa. 35b. 36c. 45d. 5620. Equilibrium price Pe isa. $34b. $35c. $36d. $3721. Consumer surplus CS isa. $610b. $612.5c. $615d. $64822. Producer surplus PS isa. $610b. $612.5c. $615d. $64823. Total surplus TS isa. $1,222b. $1,223c. $1,224d. $1,225Construct a budget neutral subsidy in the above market.24. Post-subsidy quantity Q' isa. 35b. 36c. 45d. 5625. Post-subsidy price P' isa. $34b. $35c. $36d. $3726. Consumer surplus CS' isa. $610b. $612.5c. $615d. $64827. Producer surplus PS' isa. $610b. $612.5c. $615d. $64828. Total surplus TS is (do not forget to account for the subsidy expenditure SE)a. $1,222b. $1,223c. $1,224d. $1,22529. The basic characteristic of the long run is that:A. barriers to entry prevent new firms from entering the industry.B. the firm has sufficient time to change the size of its plant.C. the firm does not have sufficient time to cut its rate of output to zero.D. a firm does not have sufficient time to change the amounts of any of the resources it employs.30. The law of diminishing returns indicates that:A. as extra units of a variable resource are added to a fixed resource, marginal product will decline beyond some point.B. because of economies and diseconomies of scale a competitive firm's long-run average total cost curve will be U-shaped.C. the demand for goods produced by purely competitive industries is downsloping.D. beyond some point the extra utility derived from additional units of a product will yield the consumer smaller and smaller extra amounts of satisfaction.31. Variable cost is:A. the cost of producing one more unit of capital, say, machinery.B. any cost which does not change when the firm changes its output.C. average total cost multiplied by the firm's output.D. any cost that rises with output in the short run.32. In the above figure, curves 1, 2, 3, and 4 represent the:A. ATC, MC, AFC, and AVC curves respectively.B. MC, AFC, AVC, and ATC curves respectively.C. MC, ATC, AVC, and AFC curves respectively.D. ATC, AVC, AFC, and MC curves respectively.33. Refer to the above data. If product price is $60, the firm will:A. shut down.B. produce 4 units and realize a $120 economic profit.C. produce 6 units and realize a $100 economic profit.D. produce 3 units and incur a $40 loss.34. Refer to the above diagram for a pure monopolist. Monopoly price will be:A. e.B. c.C. b.D. a.35. Refer to the above diagram for a pure monopolist. Monopoly output will be:A. between f and g.B. h.C. g.D. f.Consider a market with the market demand D: P = 100 - Q, which is served by two Cournot duopolistic producers with the constant marginal cost MC = $10 and no fixed cost.36. In Nash equilibrium, the output of each firm, isA. 20B. 30C. 40D. 5037. In Nash equilibrium, the market output isA. 40B. 60C. 80D. 10038. In Nash equilibrium, the market price isA. $30B. $40C. $50D. $6039. In Nash equilibrium, profit of each firm isA. $900B. $1000C. $1100D. $120040. When these two firms collude to form a cartel, the market output isA. 10B. 20C. 35D. 4541. When these two firms collude to form a cartel, the market price isA. 45B. 55C. 60D. 7042. When these two firms collude to form a cartel, the profit of each firm isA. $1012.50B. $1450.50C. $1560.25D. $1860.2543. Under pure competition a large number of identical firms in this market would produce a market output ofA. 80B. 90C. 100D. 11044. Under pure competition the market price in this market would beA. $10B. $14C. $15D. $18
A list of countries in the world GDP?
Rank CountriesAmountDate # 1 United States:$13,201,820,000,000.00 2006# 3 Japan:$4,340,133,000,000.00 2006# 4 Germany:$2,906,681,000,000.00 2006# 5 China:$2,668,071,000,000.00 2006# 6 United Kingdom:$2,345,015,000,000.00 2006# 7 France:$2,230,721,000,000.00 2006# 8 Italy:$1,844,749,000,000.00 2006# 9 Canada:$1,251,463,000,000.00 2006# 10 Spain:$1,223,988,000,000.00 2006# 11 Brazil:$1,067,962,000,000.00 2006# 12 Russia:$986,939,600,000.00 2006# 13 India:$906,268,000,000.00 2006# 14 Korea, South:$888,024,200,000.00 2006# 15 Mexico:$839,181,900,000.00 2006# 16 Australia:$768,177,700,000.00 2006# 17 Netherlands:$657,590,100,000.00 2006# 18 Taiwan:$528,600,000,000.00 2003# 19 Turkey:$402,709,900,000.00 2006# 20 Belgium:$392,001,400,000.00 2006# 21 Sweden:$384,927,300,000.00 2006# 22 Switzerland:$379,758,300,000.00 2006# 23 Indonesia:$364,458,900,000.00 2006# 24 Poland:$338,732,900,000.00 2006# 25 Austria:$322,443,600,000.00 2006# 26 Norway:$310,959,700,000.00 2006# 27 Saudi Arabia:$309,778,500,000.00 2005# 28 Denmark:$275,237,000,000.00 2006# 29 South Africa:$254,991,600,000.00 2006# 30 Greece:$244,951,400,000.00 2006# 31 Iran:$222,889,500,000.00 2006# 32 Ireland:$222,649,800,000.00 2006# 33 Argentina:$214,057,700,000.00 2006# 34 Finland:$209,444,900,000.00 2006# 35 Thailand:$206,247,000,000.00 2006# 36 Portugal:$192,571,900,000.00 2006# 37 Hong Kong:$189,798,100,000.00 2006# 38 Venezuela:$181,861,800,000.00 2006# 39 Malaysia:$148,940,400,000.00 2006# 40 Chile:$145,841,200,000.00 2006# 41 Czech Republic:$141,801,400,000.00 2006# 42 Colombia:$135,836,000,000.00 2006# 43 Singapore:$132,158,500,000.00 2006# 44 United Arab Emirates:$129,701,600,000.00 2005# 45 Pakistan:$128,830,200,000.00 2006# 46 Israel:$123,433,600,000.00 2005# 47 Romania:$121,609,100,000.00 2006# 48 Philippines:$116,931,300,000.00 2006# 49 Algeria:$114,727,100,000.00 2006# 50 Nigeria:$114,686,300,000.00 2006# 51 Hungary:$112,898,500,000.00 2006# 52 Egypt:$107,484,000,000.00 2006# 53 Ukraine:$106,110,900,000.00 2006# 54 New Zealand:$103,873,200,000.00 2006# 55 Peru:$93,269,040,000.00 2006# 56 Kuwait:$80,780,820,000.00 2005# 57 Kazakhstan:$77,236,900,000.00 2006# 58 Burma:$74,530,000,000.00 2003# 59 Puerto Rico:$65,210,000,000.00 2003# 60 Bangladesh:$61,960,960,000.00 2006# 61 Vietnam:$60,883,820,000.00 2006# 62 Morocco:$57,306,730,000.00 2006# 63 Slovakia:$55,048,550,000.00 2006# 64 Libya:$50,319,730,000.00 2006# 65 Angola:$44,033,100,000.00 2006# 66 Croatia:$42,653,420,000.00 2006# 67 Qatar:$42,462,640,000.00 2005# 68 Luxembourg:$41,382,130,000.00 2006# 69 Ecuador:$40,800,080,000.00 2006# 70 Sudan:$37,564,620,000.00 2006# 71 Slovenia:$37,303,450,000.00 2006# 72 Belarus:$36,945,290,000.00 2006# 73 Guatemala:$35,290,270,000.00 2006# 74 Syria:$34,902,270,000.00 2006# 75 Cuba:$32,130,000,000.00 2003# 76 Bulgaria:$31,483,000,000.00 2006# 77 Dominican Republic:$30,581,080,000.00 2006# 78 Tunisia:$30,298,490,000.00 2006# 79 Lithuania:$29,790,800,000.00 2006# 80 Korea, North:$29,580,000,000.00 2003# 81 Serbia and Montenegro:$27,816,790,000.00 2006# 82 Sri Lanka:$26,966,580,000.00 2006# 83 Oman:$24,283,990,000.00 2004# 84 Lebanon:$22,722,190,000.00 2006# 85 Costa Rica:$22,145,080,000.00 2006# 86 Kenya:$21,185,940,000.00 2006# 87 Azerbaijan:$20,121,610,000.00 2006# 88 Latvia:$20,115,530,000.00 2006# 89 Trinidad and Tobago:$19,911,220,000.00 2006# 90 Uruguay:$19,307,700,000.00 2006# 91 Yemen:$19,056,700,000.00 2006# 92 Cameroon:$18,322,930,000.00 2006# 93 El Salvador:$18,306,150,000.00 2006# 94 Côte d'Ivoire:$17,483,990,000.00 2006# 95 Uzbekistan:$17,178,420,000.00 2006# 96 Panama:$17,097,100,000.00 2006# 97 Estonia:$16,409,800,000.00 2006# 98 Iceland:$15,853,990,000.00 2006# 99 Cyprus:$15,418,350,000.00 2004# 100 Macau:$14,285,010,000.00 2006# 101 Jordan:$14,176,310,000.00 2006# 102 Ethiopia:$13,315,400,000.00 2006# 103 Bahrain:$12,914,440,000.00 2005# 104 Ghana:$12,905,970,000.00 2006# 105 Tanzania:$12,783,770,000.00 2006# 106 Iraq:$12,602,490,000.00 2003# 107 Bosnia and Herzegovina:$11,295,700,000.00 2006# 108 Bolivia:$11,163,070,000.00 2006# 109 Zambia:$10,907,090,000.00 2006# 110 Jamaica:$10,533,300,000.00 2006# 111 Turkmenistan:$10,496,480,000.00 2006# 112 Botswana:$10,327,740,000.00 2006# 113 Gabon:$9,545,985,000.00 2006# 114 Uganda:$9,321,925,000.00 2006# 115 Honduras:$9,234,892,000.00 2006# 116 Albania:$9,136,082,000.00 2006# 117 Paraguay:$9,110,215,000.00 2006# 118 Senegal:$8,936,158,000.00 2006# 119 Equatorial Guinea:$8,562,842,000.00 2006# 120 Congo, Democratic Republic of the:$8,543,323,000.00 2006# 121 Afghanistan:$8,399,039,000.00 2006# 122 Nepal:$8,051,663,000.00 2006# 123 Mozambique:$7,608,191,000.00 2006# 124 Georgia:$7,550,170,000.00 2006# 125 Congo, Republic of the:$7,385,169,000.00 2006# 126 Cambodia:$7,192,591,000.00 2006# 127 Chad:$6,541,445,000.00 2006# 128 Mauritius:$6,448,455,000.00 2006# 129 Armenia:$6,405,722,000.00 2006# 130 Brunei:$6,399,988,000.00 2005# 131 Namibia:$6,371,540,000.00 2006# 132 Macedonia, Republic of:$6,217,133,000.00 2006# 133 Burkina Faso:$6,205,320,000.00 2006# 134 Martinique:$6,117,000,000.00 2003# 135 Mali:$5,929,425,000.00 2006# 136 Papua New Guinea:$5,653,885,000.00 2006# 137 Malta:$5,569,653,000.00 2005# 138 Bahamas, The:$5,502,000,000.00 2003# 139 Madagascar:$5,499,230,000.00 2006# 140 Nicaragua:$5,369,219,000.00 2006# 141 Zimbabwe:$5,010,452,000.00 2006# 142 Haiti:$4,960,738,000.00 2006# 143 Benin:$4,774,809,000.00 2006# 144 French Polynesia:$4,580,000,000.00 2003# 145 Somalia:$4,361,000,000.00 2003# 146 Réunion:$4,348,000,000.00 2003# 147 Niger:$3,544,143,000.00 2006# 148 Guadeloupe:$3,513,000,000.00 2003# 149 Laos:$3,403,670,000.00 2006# 150 Guinea:$3,317,203,000.00 2006# 151 Moldova:$3,265,584,000.00 2006# 152 Guam:$3,200,000,000.00 2000# 153 New Caledonia:$3,158,000,000.00 2003# 154 Barbados:$3,090,538,000.00 2005# 155 Fiji:$2,821,606,000.00 2006# 156 Tajikistan:$2,811,461,000.00 2006# 157 Kyrgyzstan:$2,694,657,000.00 2006# 158 Mongolia:$2,689,425,000.00 2006# 159 Mauritania:$2,662,578,000.00 2006# 160 Swaziland:$2,647,997,000.00 2006# 161 Virgin Islands:$2,500,000,000.00 2002# 162 Rwanda:$2,493,538,000.00 2006# 163 Netherlands Antilles:$2,450,000,000.00 2003# 164 Montenegro:$2,346,679,000.00 2006# 165 Bermuda:$2,330,000,000.00 2003# 166 Man, Isle of:$2,264,913,000.00 2003# 167 Malawi:$2,231,531,000.00 2006# 168 Togo:$2,206,124,000.00 2006# 169 Jersey:$2,200,000,000.00 1999# 170 Aruba:$1,911,173,000.00 2002# 171 West Bank:$1,700,000,000.00 2002# 172 Suriname:$1,597,385,000.00 2006# 173 French Guiana:$1,551,000,000.00 2003# 174 Central African Republic:$1,485,972,000.00 2006# 175 Lesotho:$1,476,102,000.00 2006# 176 Sierra Leone:$1,443,004,000.00 2006= 177 Andorra:$1,300,000,000.00 2000= 177 Guernsey:$1,300,000,000.00 1999# 179 Cayman Islands:$1,270,000,000.00 2002# 180 Belize:$1,217,000,000.00 2006# 181 Cape Verde:$1,143,992,000.00 2006# 182 Greenland:$1,100,000,000.00 2001# 183 Eritrea:$1,084,989,000.00 2006# 184 Faroe Islands:$1,000,000,000.00 2001# 185 Antigua and Barbuda:$961,851,800.00 2006# 186 Bhutan:$927,154,200.00 2006# 187 Maldives:$915,207,000.00 2006# 188 Saint Lucia:$906,000,000.00 2006# 189 Guyana:$896,156,300.00 2006# 190 San Marino:$879,900,700.00 2002# 191 Monaco:$870,000,000.00 1999# 192 Liechtenstein:$825,000,000.00 1999# 193 Burundi:$806,617,200.00 2006# 194 Gaza Strip:$768,000,000.00 2003# 195 Djibouti:$757,040,500.00 2006# 196 Seychelles:$749,859,600.00 2006# 197 Liberia:$631,000,000.00 2006# 198 Grenada:$519,259,300.00 2006# 199 Gambia, The:$510,689,100.00 2006= 200 American Samoa:$500,000,000.00 2000= 200 Gibraltar:$500,000,000.00 1997# 202 Saint Kitts and Nevis:$486,666,700.00 2006# 203 Mayotte:$466,800,000.00 2003# 204 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines:$465,925,900.00 2006# 205 Samoa:$422,494,900.00 2006# 206 Comoros:$403,176,300.00 2006# 207 Vanuatu:$387,506,300.00 2006# 208 East Timor:$356,000,000.00 2006# 209 Solomon Islands:$334,846,600.00 2006# 210 British Virgin Islands:$320,000,000.00 2002# 211 Guinea-Bissau:$304,461,700.00 2006# 212 Dominica:$299,814,800.00 2006# 213 Micronesia, Federated States of:$244,700,000.00 2006# 214 Turks and Caicos Islands:$231,000,000.00 2000# 215 Tonga:$222,949,600.00 2006# 216 Palau:$157,250,800.00 2006# 217 Marshall Islands:$154,500,000.00 2006# 218 São Tomé and Príncipe:$122,642,700.00 2006# 219 Cook Islands:$105,000,000.00 2001# 220 Anguilla:$104,000,000.00 2001# 221 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas):$75,000,000.00 2002# 222 Kiribati:$70,707,830.00 2006# 223 Nauru:$60,000,000.00 2001# 224 Wallis and Futuna:$57,590,000.00 2003# 225 Montserrat:$29,000,000.00 2002# 226 Saint Helena:$18,000,000.00 1998# 227 Tuvalu:$12,200,000.00 2000# 228 Niue:$7,600,000.00 2000# 229 Tokelau:$1,500,000.00 1993Total:$48,385,988,612,830.00Weighted average:$211,292,526,693.58
What is the agrarian problem in the Philippines?
Pre-Spanish Period"This land is Ours God gave this land to us"Before the Spaniards came to the Philippines, Filipinos lived in villages or barangays ruled by chiefs or datus. The datus comprised the nobility. Then came the maharlikas (freemen), followed by the aliping mamamahay (serfs) and aliping saguiguilid (slaves).However, despite the existence of different classes in the social structure, practically everyone had access to the fruits of the soil. Money was unknown, and rice served as the medium of exchange.Spanish Period"United we stand, divided we fall"When the Spaniards came to the Philippines, the concept of encomienda (Royal Land Grants) was introduced. This system grants that Encomienderos must defend his encomienda from external attack, maintain peace and order within, and support the missionaries. In turn, the encomiendero acquired the right to collect tribute from the indios (native).The system, however, degenerated into abuse of power by the encomienderos The tribute soon became land rents to a few powerful landlords. And the natives who once cultivated the lands in freedom were transformed into mere share tenants.1st Philippine Republic"The yoke has finally broken"When the First Philippine Republic was established in 1899, Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo declared in the Malolos Constitution his intention to confiscate large estates, especially the so-called Friar lands.However, as the Republic was short-lived, Aguinaldo's plan was never implemented.American Period"Long live America"Significant legislation enacted during the American Period:Philippine Bill of 1902 - Set the ceilings on the hectarage of private individuals and corporations may acquire: 16 has. for private individuals and 1,024 has. for corporations.Land Registration Act of 1902 (Act No. 496) - Provided for a comprehensive registration of land titles under the Torrens system.Public Land Act of 1903 - introduced the homestead system in the Philippines.Tenancy Act of 1933 (Act No. 4054 and 4113) - regulated relationships between landowners and tenants of rice (50-50 sharing) and sugar cane lands.The Torrens system, which the Americans instituted for the registration of lands, did not solve the problem completely. Either they were not aware of the law or if they did, they could not pay the survey cost and other fees required in applying for a Torrens title.Commonwealth Period"Government for the Filipinos"President Manuel L. Quezon espoused the "Social Justice" program to arrest the increasing social unrest in Central Luzon.Significant legislation enacted during Commonwealth Period:1935 Constitution - "The promotion of social justice to ensure the well-being and economic security of all people should be the concern of the State"Commonwealth Act No. 178 (An Amendment to Rice Tenancy Act No. 4045), Nov. 13, 1936 - Provided for certain controls in the landlord-tenant relationshipsNational Rice and Corn Corporation (NARIC), 1936 - Established the price of rice and corn thereby help the poor tenants as well as consumers.Commonwealth Act. No. 461, 1937 - Specified reasons for the dismissal of tenants and only with the approval of the Tenancy Division of the Department of Justice.Rural Program Administration, created March 2, 1939 - Provided the purchase and lease of haciendas and their sale and lease to the tenants.Commonwealth Act No. 441 enacted on June 3, 1939 - Created the National Settlement Administration with a capital stock of P20,000,000.Japanese Occupation"The Era of Hukbalahap"The Second World War II started in Europe in 1939 and in the Pacific in 1941.Hukbalahap controlled whole areas of Central Luzon; landlords who supported the Japanese lost their lands to peasants while those who supported the Huks earned fixed rentals in favor of the tenants.Unfortunately, the end of war also signaled the end of gains acquired by the peasants.Upon the arrival of the Japanese in the Philippines in 1942, peasants and workers organizations grew strength. Many peasants took up arms and identified themselves with the anti-Japanese group, the HUKBALAHAP (Hukbo ng Bayan Laban sa Hapon).Philippine Republic"The New Republic"After the establishment of the Philippine Independence in 1946, the problems of land tenure remained. These became worst in certain areas. Thus the Congress of the Philippines revised the tenancy law.President Manuel Roxas (1946-1948) enacted the following laws:Republic Act No. 34 -- Established the 70-30 sharing arrangements and regulating share-tenancy contracts.Republic Act No. 55 -- Provided for a more effective safeguard against arbitrary ejectment of tenants.President Elpidio Quirino (1948-1953) enacted the following law:Executive Order No. 355 issued on October 23, 1950 -- Replaced the National Land Settlement Administration with Land Settlement Development Corporation (LASEDECO) which takes over the responsibilities of the Agricultural Machinery Equipment Corporation and the Rice and Corn Production Administration.President Ramon Magsaysay (1953-1957) enacted the following laws:Republic Act No. 1160 of 1954 -- Abolished the LASEDECO and established the National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA) to resettle dissidents and landless farmers. It was particularly aimed at rebel returnees providing home lots and farmlands in Palawan and Mindanao.Republic Act No. 1199 (Agricultural Tenancy Act of 1954) -- governed the relationship between landowners and tenant farmers by organizing share-tenancy and leasehold system. The law provided the security of tenure of tenants. It also created the Court of Agrarian Relations.Republic Act No. 1400 (Land Reform Act of 1955) -- Created the Land Tenure Administration (LTA) which was responsible for the acquisition and distribution of large tenanted rice and corn lands over 200 hectares for individuals and 600 hectares for corporations.Republic Act No. 821 (Creation of Agricultural Credit Cooperative Financing Administration) -- Provided small farmers and share tenants loans with low interest rates of six to eight percent.President Carlos P. Garcia (1957-1961)Continued the program of President Ramon Magsaysay. No new legislation passed.President Diosdado Macapagal (1961-1965) enacted the following law:Republic Act No. 3844 of August 8, 1963 (Agricultural Land Reform Code) -- Abolished share tenancy, institutionalized leasehold, set retention limit at 75 hectares, invested rights of preemption and redemption for tenant farmers, provided for an administrative machinery for implementation, institutionalized a judicial system of agrarian cases, incorporated extension, marketing and supervised credit system of services of farmer beneficiaries.The RA was hailed as one that would emancipate Filipino farmers from the bondage of tenancy.President Ferdinand Marcos (1965-1986). Proclamation No. 1081 on September 21, 1972 ushered the Period of the New Society. Five days after the proclamation of Martial Law, the entire country was proclaimed a land reform area and simultaneously the Agrarian Reform Program was decreed.President Marcos enacted the following laws:Republic Act No. 6389, (Code of Agrarian Reform) and RA No. 6390 of 1971 -- Created the Department of Agrarian Reform and the Agrarian Reform Special Account Fund. It strengthen the position of farmers and expanded the scope of agrarian reform.Presidential Decree No. 2, September 26, 1972 -- Declared the country under land reform program. It enjoined all agencies and offices of the government to extend full cooperation and assistance to the DAR. It also activated the Agrarian Reform Coordinating CouncilPresidential Decree No. 27, October 21, 1972 -- Restricted land reform scope to tenanted rice and corn lands and set the retention limit at 7 hectares.President Corazon C. Aquino (1986-1992)The Constitution ratified by the Filipino people during the administration of President Corazon C. Aquino provides under Section 21 under Article II that "The State shall promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform."On June 10, 1988, former President Corazon C. Aquino signed into law Republic Act No. 6657 or otherwise known as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL). The law became effective on June 15, 1988.Subsequently, four Presidential issuances were released in July 1987 after 48 nationwide consultations before the actual law was enacted.President Corazon C. Aquino enacted the following laws:Executive Order No. 228, July 16, 1987 - Declared full ownership to qualified farmer-beneficiaries covered by PD 27. It also determined the value remaining unvalued rice and corn lands subject of PD 27 and provided for the manner of payment by the FBs and mode of compensation to landowners.Executive Order No. 229, July 22, 1987 - Provided mechanism for the implementation of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP).Proclamation No. 131, July 22, 1987 - Instituted the CARP as a major program of the government. It provided for a special fund known as the Agrarian Reform Fund (ARF), with an initial amount of Php50 billion to cover the estimated cost of the program from 1987-1992.Executive Order No. 129-A, July 26, 1987 - streamlined and expanded the power and operations of the DAR.Republic Act No. 6657, June 10, 1988 (Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law) - An act which became effective June 15, 1988 and instituted a comprehensive agrarian reform program to promote social justice and industrialization providing the mechanism for its implementation and for other purposes. This law is still the one being implemented at present.Executive Order No. 405, June 14, 1990 - Vested in the Land Bank of the Philippines the responsibility to determine land valuation and compensation for all lands covered by CARP.Executive Order No. 407, June 14, 1990 - Accelerated the acquisition and distribution of agricultural lands, pasture lands, fishponds, agro-forestry lands and other lands of the public domain suitable for agriculture.President Fidel V. Ramos (1992-1998) When President Fidel V. Ramos formally took over in 1992, his administration came face to face with publics who have lost confidence in the agrarian reform program. His administration committed to the vision "Fairer, faster and more meaningful implementation of the Agrarian Reform Program.President Fidel V. Ramos enacted the following laws:Republic Act No. 7881, 1995 - Amended certain provisions of RA 6657 and exempted fishponds and prawns from the coverage of CARP.Republic Act No. 7905, 1995 - Strengthened the implementation of the CARP.Executive Order No. 363, 1997 - Limits the type of lands that may be converted by setting conditions under which limits the type of lands that may be converted by setting conditions under which specific categories of agricultural land are either absolutely non-negotiable for conversion or highly restricted for conversion.Republic Act No. 8435, 1997 (Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act AFMA) - Plugged the legal loopholes in land use conversion.Republic Act 8532, 1998 (Agrarian Reform Fund Bill) - Provided an additional Php50 billion for CARP and extended its implementation for another 10 years.President Joseph E. Estrada (1998-2000) "ERAP PARA SA MAHIRAP'. This was the battle cry that endeared President Joseph Estrada and made him very popular during the 1998 presidential election.President Joseph E. Estrada initiated the enactment of the following law:Executive Order N0. 151, September 1999 (Farmer's Trust Fund) - Allowed the voluntary consolidation of small farm operation into medium and large scale integrated enterprise that can access long-term capital.During his administration, President Estrada launched the Magkabalikat Para sa Kaunlarang Agraryo or MAGKASAKA. The DAR forged into joint ventures with private investors into agrarian sector to make FBs competitive.However, the Estrada Administration was short lived. The masses who put him into office demanded for his ouster.President Gloria Macapacal-Arroyo (2000-present) The agrarian reform program under the Arroyo administration is anchored on the vision "To make the countryside economically viable for the Filipino family by building partnership and promoting social equity and new economic opportunities towards lasting peace and sustainable rural development."Land Tenure Improvement - DAR will remain vigorous in implementing land acquisition and distribution component of CARP. The DAR will improve land tenure system through land distribution and leasehold.Provision of Support Services - CARP not only involves the distribution of lands but also included package of support services which includes: credit assistance, extension services, irrigation facilities, roads and bridges, marketing facilities and training and technical support programs.Infrastrucre Projects - DAR will transform the agrarian reform communities (ARCs), an area focused and integrated delivery of support services, into rural economic zones that will help in the creation of job opportunities in the countryside.KALAHI ARZone - The KALAHI Agrarian Reform (KAR) Zones were also launched. These zones consists of one or more municipalities with concentration of ARC population to achieve greater agro-productivity.Agrarian Justice - To help clear the backlog of agrarian cases, DAR will hire more paralegal officers to support undermanned adjudicatory boards and introduce quota system to compel adjudicators to work faster on agrarian reform cases. DAR will respect
How many English pounds in 229 us dollars?
158.884341 british pounds in 229 u.s dollars
How many pounds are there in 229 tons?
There are 2000 pounds in one ton. Therefore, 229 pounds is equal to 229 x 2000 = 458000 pounds.
How many kilograms is 229 pounds?
229 pounds = 103.873 kilograms or 103 kilograms 872.653 grams1 pound ~= 0.45359 kilograms1 kilogram ~= 2.2046 pounds
How many kilograms is 229 lbs 4oz's?
229 pounds 4 oz = 104 kilograms.
What is 10 percent from 229 dollars?
10% of 229 dollars is $22.90. When you take that off $229.00, it is 206.10.
What is the Australian sea lions diet?
they weight up to 134 to 229 pounds they weight up to 134 to 229 pounds
How much is 229 in pounds?
229 what? Are you asking to convert from one weight to another? Kilograms to Pounds?? Re-phrase your Q.
What is 20 percent of 229 dollars?
45.8 US dollars
What is greater 14 pounds or 229 oz?
224 = 14 x 16 229 is 5 greater
How many pounds are 104 kilograms?
Answer: 104 kg = 229.280 lb OR 229 lb and 4.49 oz
What is 16 stone 5 in pounds?
16 stone 5 = 229 pounds
What is 229kg in pound?
229 kilograms is ~504.86 pounds.
