it did not exist in 1920.
When the Lodz Ghetto was sealed off in May 1940 it had 164,000 Jews. As they died more were brought in ... but the figure fluctuated.
The Nazis dissolved the Lodz Ghetto in August 1944 and the remaining Jews were put on two trains and sent to Auschwitz. So there was no liberation.
It was formed because the Nazis wanted to put all of the Jews from Lodz and the surrounding areas into one place. It was formed by the Nazis taking one area of Lodz and putting barbed wire fences and huge stone walls around it, to make sure that no one came in or got out. The Jews in the Lodz Ghetto had to work for the Nazis in order to get food.
Lodz Ghetto was liberated by the Red Army on January 19, 1945.
Poland -- Between December 1939 and February 1940 the Lodz ghetto was established in Stare Miasto (Old Town), Baluty, the poor Jewish quarter, and the suburban area of Marysin. By September 1942, all Jews from the Warthegau (German expression for the annexed Western part of Poland) had been either murdered or expelled, apart from the 77,000 Jews remaining in Lodz. Consequently the extermination facilities in Chelmno were closed and the deportations from the Lodz ghetto ceased. For 19 months, until May 1944, the ghetto was turned into a labour camp: 90% of the Jews worked in the ghetto factories. Link to a Map showing ghettos of Poland: http://www.deathcamps.org/occupation/picbigghettomap.jpg
It varied from one ghetto to another. Usually, the Nazis did not like the people in ghettos to have money that was valid outside the ghetto, as they regarded money as a potential source of power. The best known "ghetto money" was that produced by the Lodz ghetto and by Terezin (Theresienstadt). On entering the Lodz Ghetto, Jews had to swap their ordinary currency for ghetto currency, that could not be used outside the ghetto.
No, but there were some books in the ghetto when it was formed.
Lodz and the Warsaw ghettos
From the very start in March 1940.
The Warsaw Ghetto was easily the largest, followed by Lodz.
The Lodz Ghetto was established by the Nazis as a way to concentrate and control the Jewish population in occupied Poland. The primary purpose of the ghetto was to exploit the Jewish residents for their labor and extract resources from them, all while isolating them from the general population. It served as a precursor to the mass deportations to extermination camps.
yes, many.