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It depends on what you mean by "exist in nature".
Although there are only 20 amino acids coded for by the standard genetic code, plus 2 other oddities (selenocysteine and pyrrolysine) a lot more exist in nature. Currently there are over 500 (see http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/106583994/abstract). Most of these do not occur in proteins or "free" in nature (i.e they are reaction intermediates not end products in biosynthetic pathways).
There are many more than the standard 22 proteinogenic amino acids that do occur in proteins. This is the result of post-transational modification where the amino acids in a protein are modified (often by the action of another enzyme). These can be simple modifications like methylation, or more elaborate ones like the addition of complex carbohydrates.
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What are the monomers that make enzymes up?
Enzymes are proteins.Proteins are made up of amino acids
What class of biological molecule contains peptide bonds between the individual monomers?
Amino acids are joined by peptide bonds. A peptide bond is a covalent bond that forms between two amino acids when the carboxyl group (COOH) of one amino acid reacts with the amino group (NH2) of the other amino acid, resulting in a C-N bond, which is a peptide bond. Click on the related link below to see an image of a peptide bond.
What proteins supply all 9 essential amino acids are called?
This protein is called a completeprotein.Protein is made from amino acids. Humans can synthesize most of the amino acids that we need to make protein, with the exception of nine essential amino acids (histadine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine) that must come from the foods we eat.In 1914, Thomas B. Osborne and Lafayette B. Mendel conducted studies which suggested that rats grew best when fed a combination of plant foods whose amino acid patterns resembled that of animal tissue. The term "complete protein" was coined to describe a protein in which all nine essential amino acids are present in the same proportion that they occur in animals. "Incomplete protein" described the varying amino acid patterns in plants. It's a misleading term, because it suggest that humans (and other animals, one would assume) can't get enough essential amino acids to make protein from plants.Fortunately, the theory that plant proteins are somehow "incomplete" and therefore inadequate has been disproven. All unrefined foods have varying amounts of protein with varying amino acid profiles, including leafy green vegetables, tubers, grains, legumes, and nuts. All the essential and nonessential amino acids are present in any single one of these foods in amounts that meet or exceed your needs, even if you are an endurance athlete or body builder.Whenever you eat, your body stores amino acids, and then withdraws them when it needs them to make protein. It is not necessary to eat any particular food or any particular combination of foods together at one sitting, to make complete protein. Your body puts together amino acids from food to make protein throughout the day.
What organelle builds amino acids?
organells's are not directly responisble for amino acid synthesis. production of amino acids occur in the cytosol, but only when the organism criticly needs them!! Amino acids are primarily obtained by the breakdown of proteins and not produced from scratch. This is because it requires far too much energy in the reaction pathways for the sythesis of the amino acid, as well as the special enzymes that are needed to catylise these processes. the genes that code for the production of these enzymes are very rarely used.
Why does translation occur?
Translation occurs so that cell can have enough protein to function. proteins are the work horses of cells of the body. Translation converts an RNA strand into a chain of amino acids that form a protein.
What must occur for amino acids in a protein bar to convet into protein your body cells?
There are no amino acids in protein bars. Amino acids are made up of strands of proteins. What happens is when food is digested, proteins are absorbed by special cells. These cells construct the proteins into an amino acid. They then are transfered to other cells, and disolve into them for energy.
How many monomers of proteins exist?
20
Amino acids link together by peptide bonds to form proteins. what cellular organelle does this occur?
Ribosomes
What are the monomers that make enzymes up?
Enzymes are proteins.Proteins are made up of amino acids
Which are the proteins that form the muscle?
Muscles are built from amino acids that occur in our diets. The most abundant amino acid in muscle tissue is called glutamine.
What is the function of amino acid?
They make up proteins.
What is the ratio of an amino acid?
Amino acid refers to one of a class or organic compounds that contain NH2 and the COOH group. They amino acids usually occur naturally in plants and animal tissues.
What are the building blocks of protein?
Amino acids.
When does protein catabolism usually occur?
Protein catabolism is the breakdown of the proteins into the amino acids which are the basic constituents of the protein. In digestion process the proteins get converted into amino acids and used for the repair and building process of cells. The excess of amino acid get converted into fat and sugar and get stored into liver. Due to illness or prolonged starvation when the body does not get adequate energy, this excess of amino acid in the form of fats or sugar get breakdown and provides energy.
What does the body do with excess amino acids?
Deamination occurs. An amine group is removed from the amino acids, making ammonia. This ammonia is then converted to urea in the ornithine cycle. Search for 'deamination' on Wikipedia. That should cover it :)
What class of biological molecule contains peptide bonds between the individual monomers?
Amino acids are joined by peptide bonds. A peptide bond is a covalent bond that forms between two amino acids when the carboxyl group (COOH) of one amino acid reacts with the amino group (NH2) of the other amino acid, resulting in a C-N bond, which is a peptide bond. Click on the related link below to see an image of a peptide bond.
What proteins supply all 9 essential amino acids are called?
This protein is called a completeprotein.Protein is made from amino acids. Humans can synthesize most of the amino acids that we need to make protein, with the exception of nine essential amino acids (histadine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine) that must come from the foods we eat.In 1914, Thomas B. Osborne and Lafayette B. Mendel conducted studies which suggested that rats grew best when fed a combination of plant foods whose amino acid patterns resembled that of animal tissue. The term "complete protein" was coined to describe a protein in which all nine essential amino acids are present in the same proportion that they occur in animals. "Incomplete protein" described the varying amino acid patterns in plants. It's a misleading term, because it suggest that humans (and other animals, one would assume) can't get enough essential amino acids to make protein from plants.Fortunately, the theory that plant proteins are somehow "incomplete" and therefore inadequate has been disproven. All unrefined foods have varying amounts of protein with varying amino acid profiles, including leafy green vegetables, tubers, grains, legumes, and nuts. All the essential and nonessential amino acids are present in any single one of these foods in amounts that meet or exceed your needs, even if you are an endurance athlete or body builder.Whenever you eat, your body stores amino acids, and then withdraws them when it needs them to make protein. It is not necessary to eat any particular food or any particular combination of foods together at one sitting, to make complete protein. Your body puts together amino acids from food to make protein throughout the day.
