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As of end of 2010, the Russian Navy included 12 strategic submarines of four different types. The submarines can carry 160 sea-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs) that can carry 576 nuclear warheads.
Propulsion-wise, there are 2 types - Nuclear Powered and Diesel-Electric. Class-wise, there are several: Fast-Attack Ballistic Missile Guided Missile (e.g., Tomahawk)
The PLA navy has more than 225,000 personnel and is thought to have as many as 70 submarines, 10 of them nuclear-powered
The Royal Navy Operates 6 Trafalgar class submarines and 1 Astute class. These submarines are called 'attack' or 'hunter-killer' submarines and have roles such as land attack using Tomahawk cruise missiles and anti-surface and anti-submarine roles using the Spearfish torpedo. They can also carry out surveillance and reconnaissanse. The Royal Navy also has 4 Vanguard class submarines. These submarines are ballistic missile submarines. These submarines are responsible for the UK's nuclear detterent and use the Trident missile system. There is always at least one of these boats at sea at any given time.
230
170
nearly 155
The US Navy currently has 14 active duty Trident (Ohio Class) Ballistic Missile Submarines. They are scheduled for replacement beginning in 2028.
Reactors power submarines and many surface ships. Nuclear weapons.
The current total is 71 active and 2 reserve as of May 2011 - Commissioned 14 SSBN's (Ballistic Missile Submarines) 4 SSGN's (Cruise Missile Submarines, converted SSBN's) 53 SSN's (Fast-Attack Submarines) Reserve 2 SSN's (688-class Fast-Attacks) The USS California, the newest Virginia-class SSN, is scheduled for commissioning in October 2011, with another 4 on the way.
Most submarines now have a single nuclear reactor. Some smaller, coastal submarines have a single diesel.
According to Wikipedia the US Navy has: Los Angeles class (29 in commission, 2 in reserve) – fast attack submarines Ohio class (18 in commission) – 14 ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs), 4 guided missile submarines (SSGNs) Seawolf class (3 in commission) – fast attack submarines Virginia class (19 in commission, 1 delivered, 1 fitting out, 7 under construction, 2 on order) – fast attack submarines The existing fleet of ballistic submarines currently carries 54 percent of the United States' nuclear deterrent arsenal.