As near as can be determined from records, it is believed that a total of around 162,000 convicts came to Australia, from the time of the First Fleet in 1788 until the cessation of transportation with the final shipload of convicts to Western Australia in 1868.
Convicts were sent to Australia to solve the problem of Britain's overcrowded prisons (a consequence of the Industrial Revolution) by establishing a new penal colony in a land which showed promise for eventually becoming self-supporting. Britain had been sending their excess prisoners to North America, but the American War of Independence put a stop to the practice.
The convicts were the ones who would build the new colony, literally from the ground up. They were the ones who would establish the houses and buildings, roads and bridges, farms and industries. This, in turn, would encourage more free settlers to Australia, which it was hoped would help solve the problem of unemployment in England.
It is impossible to know. During the years of convict transportation to Australia, over 165,000 men, women and children were transported to Australia, and it is not known how many of these died enroute.
With regard to the First Fleet, 23 convicts died on the journey.
Only five ships were lost out of the hundreds that transported convicts to Australia between 1788 and 1860. The number of convict lives lost totalled around 600. They included:
The First Fleet of convicts arrived in Australia in January 1788.
No. After the Monmouth rebellion, (1685) Judge Jeffereys sentenced several hundred of the guilty to deportation as slaves to the West Indies.
Only the First Fleet brought convicts to Australia in 1788. According to the Australian Government Culture Portal, there were 751 convicts that disembarked from the First Fleet.
Sources vary, but the total number of convicts transported to Australia is estimated to have been around 162,000. Estimates vary from 157,000 to 165,000.
Eleven ships came to Australia with the First Fleet of convicts in 1788.
Convicts first arrived in Australia in January 1788.
thirty percent
why didnt many convicts return to England
The convicts who landed on the shores of Australia originally came from England. Later fleets included Irish, Scottish and Welsh, but the majority were English. The Irish who came were often political convicts, sent for their rebellion against England.
Yes. Christmas was a tradition that came to Australia with the English convicts and officers of the First Fleet.
There were no convicts in Western Australia in 1829. The first convicts in Western Australia only arrived in 1850.
The people who were to build the government were convicts.
The best answer to this is "convicts", under the command of Captain Arthur Phillip.The first European settlers in Australia were English convicts and the marines who came to supervise them. The convicts built the roads, bridges and buildings, tilled the land for farming, and really were the ones who established the country.
The figures for how many female convicts were sent to Australia vary from between 24 700 and 24 960.
Because it was the day Captain Arthur Phillip and the First Fleet of 11 ships of convicts came to Australia
None. The convicts did not settle at Botany Bay, but at Port Jackson.