Most galaxies are moving away from us. Only a few galaxies, which are nearby, are moving towards us.
Stars and Galaxies are related because a galaxy is a system of billions of stars, gases, and dust.
See related for information on what a Galaxy is
It isn't. Earth is in the Milky Way Galaxy - a spiral galaxy.
Galaxies are generally a collection of stars. But within any galaxy, there are lots of other objects, including planets. So galaxies are related to planets in some ways.
The most common type of galaxy is a dwarf elliptical galaxy.If you classify a dwarf galaxy as a galaxy, then that is your answer, however, if you don't, then a spiral galaxy will be the answer.See the related question for more details.
Both the Milky Way and the Andromeda galaxies are flat spirals in shape.
A group of galaxies is called a galaxy cluster or galaxy group.
All types of galaxies have a core with a high star density. All galaxies with "arms" are called Spiral Galaxies, of which there are sub-types related to the shape of the arms.
Generally, an elliptical galaxy is the oldest, a spiral galaxy is mid life and an irregular is fairy new. However, this is generally. An irregular galaxy can be formed from the merge of two elliptical galaxies - so it's not fool proof.
There are many "odd" shaped galaxies. Do a google search for irregular galaxies and take your pick. See related question.
It doesn't really work that way. The types aren't exactly related to size, but rather to shapes. Dwarf galaxies of course are the smallest; but other than that, a spiral galaxy can come in different sizes; so can an irregular galaxy or an elliptical galaxy.
galaxie 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5