The United States territorial courts are tribunals established in territories of the United States by the United States Congress, pursuant to its power under Article Four of the United States Constitution, the Territorial Clause. Most United States territorial courts are defunct because the territory under their jurisdiction have become states or been retroceded. Among the United States territorial courts still in existence are:
Their jurisdiction is similar to that of a United States district court.
The judicial branch consists of judges and courts such as district courts (thus district judges), appeals court and judges and the highest court in the USA, the Supreme Court and the 9 justices.
In what ways are courts, judges, and justices shielded from politics and political pressure
I believe it refers to Congress' ability to set up a tribunal to hear disputes, appeals, and complaints in regard to some action, the decisions of which can still be reviewed and overturned by the Supreme Court. An example would be Article I courts; Article I courts are also referred to as legislative courts. Article I hearings include: Territorial courts (These are federal courts located in the district of Guam, the US Virgin Islands and the Northern Mariana Islands), US Court of Military Appeals [US Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces], US Court of Veterans Appeals, US Court of Federal Claims, and US Tax Court. Also included are ancillary courts with judges appointed by Article III appeals court judges, or administrative agencies. Article I judges are not subject to the Article III protections.
The criminal court of appeals is the highest state court. Judges are elected for the position in the state courts of appeal.
No, the Supreme Court is separate from all other courts. The president nominates judges to federal courts and Congress approves them.
Legislative courts are those federal courts set up by Congress under its implied or plenary powers, for special purposes. For example, the Court of Military Appeals, the Court of Veterans Appeals, and territorial courts are legislative courts, whose judges serve fixed-length terms.
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local courts
The number of state judges in the United States varies by state, but there are approximately 30,000 state judges across the country. This includes judges at various levels, such as trial courts, appellate courts, and state supreme courts. Each state has its own judicial system, leading to differences in the number and structure of judges.
"Major" and "minor" judges typically refer to judges who preside over different levels of courts. Major judges are typically judges who preside over higher courts, such as appellate courts or supreme courts, while minor judges preside over lower courts, such as district courts or municipal courts. The distinction is based on the level of court they preside over rather than their authority or importance.
local courts
Federal district courts should have 677 seated judges. However, that number changes a great deal and often, currently there are many unfilled judgeships in all U.S. courts with the exception of the Supreme Court.
The judicial branch consists of judges and courts such as district courts (thus district judges), appeals court and judges and the highest court in the USA, the Supreme Court and the 9 justices.
Ashtabula County has approximately eight courts, including the Court of Common Pleas, county courts, municipal courts, and mayor's courts. Each court has its own judges, so it depends what court you are talking about. Fortunately, many of these courts have websites with information regarding their current judges. See the related link for a directory of courts in Ashtabula County, Ohio.
Territorial Courts
Territorial Courts are specialized courts in the United States that operate in U.S. territories, such as Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, and American Samoa. These courts handle a range of cases, including civil, criminal, and administrative matters, and their structure and jurisdiction can vary by territory. They serve a similar function to federal district courts but are governed by different statutes and may include local judges. Appeals from these courts typically go to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.
The number of judges who hear appealed cases can vary depending on the court and jurisdiction. In many appellate courts, a panel of three judges typically reviews a case. However, some higher courts, like state supreme courts or the U.S. Supreme Court, may have more judges participating in deliberations, sometimes hearing cases en banc, where all judges of the court are involved.