0
30 000 Tracks Per Inch
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
Add your answer:
Earn +20 pts
Can you give examples of a sentence with the word sector in it?
Hard disks are organized into sectors, tracks, and cylinders.
What is the capacity of a hard drive with the following information Number of platters equals 5 Number Tracks equals 1000 Number of sectors per track equals 100?
50,0000 bytes
A hard drive stores data on?
hard disk save data on platters. On platters there are tracks and sectors in which the data is saved.
What is the word for dividing the hard disk of a computer into tracks and sectors?
That would be called low-level formatting.
What is hard disk formatting?
Hard disk formatting means preparing new space for data storage. This is by creating tracks and sectors in the disk.
What is the minimum number of hard disks required for raid 5?
3
What are the concentric circles on the disk surface of a hard drive called?
Tracks.The pie-shaped sections are called sectors.Groups of sectors make up a cluster.
Process of creating sectors and tracks on disk?
Generically "formatting" is the name of the process, which comprises low-level formatting, partitioning and high-level formatting. It is the low-level formatting process/step that marks the surfaces of the disks with markers (sector markers) indicating the start of a recording block and this is usually done by the disk manufacturer. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Formatting a disk (hard drive or floppy) is the process of taking a homogeneous magnetic surface, and dividing it into tracks, each track containing a number of sectors, which are the smallest possible usable portion of the disk. The physical size of the tracks and track sectors has changed over the years and according to manufacturer, and needs to be designed such that the maximum amount of usable space is balanced against the drive head's ability to distinguish between individual sectors. If too many sectors are jammed onto the disk surface, the drive head may take info from two or more adjacent sectors, causing a fatal error. The amount of digital information that can fit in a sector depends on the operating system and manufacturer, with 512 bytes being standard for most floppies (which are now totally obsolete), and the more bytes you can squeeze into a sector, the higher the capacity of the disk. Improvements in drive technology has yielded 3.5 inch floppies that hold much more than 8 inch floppies of the 1970s & 80s, with 5.25 inch floppies being the standard size until around 1990. Hard drives are generally sealed well (keeping a dust free environment) and manufactured to such tolerance that a fingerprint would cause a crash, allowing such high capacity that we see in mobile devices today. But the formatting concept is identical. Only the number of tracks, and the number of sectors per track is variable. All standard magnetic disks (hard or floppy) are readable and rewritable on both sides, and it is not uncommon for hard drives to stack the disks (known as platters) like pancakes, with a read/write head on each side of each platter. This further increases usable data storage space. Unlike a phonographic record, the tracks do not spiral in. They are a series of concentric circles. The head jumps from track to track as it reads or writes. Track 0 is the outermost circle. Each track gets shorter as each successive "track circle" is closer to the inner edge, fewer sectors can occupy a particular track. Magnetic media has been around since forever in the form of tape and cassettes ("8 Track" cassettes were linear tracks (as opposed to circular) that had 4 stereo tracks (4x2=8). Since they were analog as opposed to digital these tracks did not use sectors. Hard drives were introduced in 1956 by IBM and floppies became commercially available in 1971. By 2010 very few motherboards were capable of interfacing with a floppy drive. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ The name of the process is called 'Formatting'. Before a hard disk manufactured from the factory can have data written to it, it must have something done to it called a 'Low Level Format' which prepares the disk for use in a computer. Blank hard disks sold today will already have this process done to them. Allow me to explain how Formatting works. Formatting a disk (hard drive or floppy) is the process of taking a homogenous magnetic surface, and dividing it into tracks, each track containing a number of sectors, which are the smallest possible usable portion of the disk. The physical size of the tracks and track sectors has changed over the years and according to manufacturer, and needs to be designed such that the maximum amount of usable space is balanced against the drive head's ability to distinguish between individual sectors. If too many sectors are jammed onto the disk surface, the drive head may take info from two or more adjacent sectors, causing a fatal error. The amount of digital information that can fit in a sector depends on the operating system and manufacturer, with 512 bytes being standard for most floppies (which are now totally obsolete), and the more bytes you can squeeze into a sector, the higher the capacity of the disk. Improvements in drive technology has yielded 3.5 inch floppies that hold much more than 8 inch floppies of the 1970s & 80s, with 5.25 inch floppies being the standard size until around 1990. Hard drives are generally sealed well (keeping a dust free environment) and manufactured to such tolerance that a fingerprint would cause a crash, allowing such high capacity that we see in mobile devices today. But the formatting concept is identical. Only the number of tracks, and the number of sectors per track is variable. All standard magnetic disks (hard or floppy) are readable and rewritable on both sides, and it is not uncommon for hard drives to stack the disks (known as platters) like pancakes, with a read/write head on each side of each platter. This further increases usable data storage space. Unlike a phonographic record, the tracks do not spiral in. They are a series of concentric circles. The head jumps from track to track as it reads or writes. Track 0 is the outermost circle. Each track gets shorter as each successive "track circle" is closer to the inner edge, fewer sectors can occupy a particular track. Magnetic media has been around since forever in the form of tape and cassettes ("8 Track" cassettes were linear tracks (as opposed to circular) that had 4 stereo tracks (4x2=8). Since they were analog as opposed to digital these tracks did not use sectors. Hard drives were introduced in 1956 by IBM and floppies became commercially available in 1971. By 2010 very few motherboards were capable of interfacing with a floppy drive, except for external 3.5 inch drives via USB connection. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
What is hard format and soft format?
hard sector formatting - sectors are separated and identified by physical notches or holes in the media that are detected optically, a counter register counts the pulses from the sensor and the number in this hardware register identifies the sector being read or written.soft sector formatting - sectors are separated and identified by coded address fields recorded on the media during formatting, as these address fields are created by the formatting software the sectors can be placed in any order (not just sequential as hard sector formatting does) around the tracks or skewed from track to track that might improve access time on a given system.Both systems usually have a single physical notch or hole in the media used to identify the beginning of track. On a hard sector formatting system the pulse from this resets the counter register to zero. On a soft sector formatting system this pulse may or may not be used, depending on system requirements (e.g. on floppy disks when the drive could accept either single or double sided disks this hole was in different positions and was detected by a different sensor for each type of disk).
What is the use of ZBR in the context of disks?
Zone Bit Recording (ZBR) is used by disk drives to store more sectors per track on outer tracks than on inner tracks. It is also called Zone Constant Angular Velocity (Zone CAV or Z-CAV orZCAV).On a disk consisting of roughly concentric tracks - whether realized as separate circular tracks or as a single spiral track - the physical track length (circumference) is increased as it gets farther from the center hub.Physical layout of sectors in a zone-bit disc: As distance from the center increases, the number of sectors in a given angle increases from one (red) to two (green) to four (grey).The inner tracks are packed as densely as the particular drive's technology allows, but with a CAV drive the data on the outer tracks are less densely packed. Using ZBR the drive divides all the tracks into a number of zones, and the inner track of each zone is packed as densely as it can, with the other tracks in that same zone recorded with the same read/write rate. This permits the drive to have more bits stored in each track outside of the innermost zone than drives not using this technique. Storing more bits per track equates to achieving a higher total data capacity on the same disk area.[1]On a hard disk using ZBR, the data on the tracks in the outer most zone will have the highest data transfer rate. Since both hard disks and floppy disks typically number their tracks beginning at the outer edge and continuing inward, and since operating systems typically fill the lowest-numbered tracks first, this is where the operating system typically stores its own files during its initial installation onto an empty drive. Testing disk drives when they are new or empty after defragmenting them with some benchmarking applications will often show their highest performance. After some time, when more data is stored in the inner tracks, the average data transfer rate will drop, because the transfer rate in the inner zones is slower; often making people think their disk drive is slowing down over time.[1] Some other ZBR drives, such as the 800 kilobyte 3.5" floppy drives in the Apple IIGS and older Macintosh computers, don't change the data rate but rather spin the medium faster when reading or writing outer tracks, thus approximating constant linear velocity drives.
What is a low level format?
The sector identification on a disk that the drive uses to locate sectors for reading and writing. Today's IDE and SCSI hard disks are low-level formatted at the factory.Read more: low-level-format
Did the first computer have hard disks?
no
