48 pds
I can do this in metrics. One litre of gasoline (about 1/5 gallon) produces about 2.3 kilograms of carbon dioxide. Buses are usually more efficient in terms of carbon dioxide emissions per passenger than cars carrying just one or two passengers.
Sulfur dioxide weighs about 6.645 pounds per gallon.
The answer is "8.8 kgs or 19.4 pounds of CO2 emissions by burning a gallon of gasoline". The answer and its detailed calculation can be found at http://www.epa.gov/otaq/climate/420f05001.htm. You can also find the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by burning one gallon of diesel on this same web page.
Merely "taxing" gasoline does nothing to offset carbon dioxide "pollution". It might discourage the use of fossil fuels (and therefore discourage economic prosperity, if that's what you want). But in order to "offset" carbon dioxide emissions, the money thus collected has to be SPENT on something that will somehow REMOVE carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. And I haven't heard of anything that the government plans to spend this money on.
I think it is 0.1227 pounds but I have seen 0.1144 pounds used.
Carbon dioxide is a naturally occurring compound in the atmosphere. Total amount has to be in the trillions of pounds. There is a more in depth answer at the link below.
The amount of carbon dioxide emitted by burning one pound of fossil fuels varies depending on the type of fuel. On average, burning one pound of fossil fuels like coal, oil, or natural gas can produce around 3-4 pounds of carbon dioxide.
It depends on the amount driven and the efficiency of the engine. Essentially 85% of the weight of fuel (gasoline or diesel) is carbon so about 750 g of carbon is emitted for each liter burnt.
Burning one pound of carbon releases about 3.6 pounds of carbon dioxide (the extra weight comes from oxygen from the air).
The density of dry ice is about 1.5 g cm-3. Since there are 3785 cm3 in a gallon, a gallon of dry ice would weigh about 5.8 kg.
19 pounds
A gallon of titanium dioxide typically weighs around 11 to 12 pounds, depending on the specific formulation and density of the material. Titanium dioxide is a dense substance, which contributes to its weight. Always refer to the manufacturer's specifications for the most accurate weight information for a particular product.