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The Krebs cycle runs twice to break down one molecule of glucose.
The purpose of the Krebs Cycle is basically to produce NADH+H and FADH2. Pyruvic acid enters the Krebs Cycle than goes through a series of reactions and the final product is six NADH+H and two FADH2. These energy carriers are than sent to the electron transport chain. The Krebs cycle goes around twice for every molecule.
The Krebs cycle is a cycle that is after glycolysis which allows the cell to get more ATP and have more ATP efficiency than that of glycolysis itself or fermentation and glycolysis. Infact, it makes the ATP effeciency about 20 times of glycolysis itself! Here is the Krebs cycle: Step 1: The acetyl CoA (a two carbon) joins with oxaloacetic acid (a four carbon). The CoA (Coenzyme A) is returned back to the mitochondira. The result is a six carbon called citric acid. Step 2: The citric acid gives off carbon dioxide and gives a hydrogen ion (H+) to NAD+ resulting in NADH. Since the citric acid gave off a carbon in the form of CO2, (carbon dioxide) it is now a 5-carbon molecule. Step 3: The 5-carbon molecule then gives off CO2 once again, gives a hydrogen ion(H+) to NAD+ resulting in NADH, and in this process, phosphate joins with ADP to create ATP. The resulting molecule is a 4-carbon. Step 4: The 4-carbon molecule gives a hydrogen ion (H+) to FAD (similar to NAD), which results to FADH2. Step 5: The 4-carbon molecule once again gives off H+ to NAD resulting into NADH. The 4-carbon molecule is then known as oxaloacetic acid, and the cycle begins again. Remember:glycolysis produces 2 pyruvic acid molecules, which produces 2 acetyl CoA molecules (and 2 NADH), which means that for every molecule of glucose, the Krebs cycle happens twice. The resulting amounts of NADH and FADH2 go through the electron transport chain and the enzyme ATP synthase to produce a waste of water, ATP molecules, and a restoration of the NADH to NAD+ and the FADH2 to FAD+ so that they can be used again in the Krebs cycle.
six
Twice
The Krebs cycle runs twice to break down one molecule of glucose.
The Krebs cycle runs twice to break down one molecule of glucose.
Twice
A single glucose molecule is able to drive the Krebs cycle 2 times. The Krebs Cycle is the series of chemical reactions that take place to provide all aerobic organisms with the ability to make energy.
The purpose of the Krebs Cycle is basically to produce NADH+H and FADH2. Pyruvic acid enters the Krebs Cycle than goes through a series of reactions and the final product is six NADH+H and two FADH2. These energy carriers are than sent to the electron transport chain. The Krebs cycle goes around twice for every molecule.
1. We exhale 12 times per minute because that's how long it takes for the Krebs cycle to go through 12 times (and produce 24 CO2 molecules) - which are eliminated through exhalation. Every exhalation represents one Krebs cycle process throughout the body
The Krebs cycle is a cycle that is after glycolysis which allows the cell to get more ATP and have more ATP efficiency than that of glycolysis itself or fermentation and glycolysis. Infact, it makes the ATP effeciency about 20 times of glycolysis itself! Here is the Krebs cycle: Step 1: The acetyl CoA (a two carbon) joins with oxaloacetic acid (a four carbon). The CoA (Coenzyme A) is returned back to the mitochondira. The result is a six carbon called citric acid. Step 2: The citric acid gives off carbon dioxide and gives a hydrogen ion (H+) to NAD+ resulting in NADH. Since the citric acid gave off a carbon in the form of CO2, (carbon dioxide) it is now a 5-carbon molecule. Step 3: The 5-carbon molecule then gives off CO2 once again, gives a hydrogen ion(H+) to NAD+ resulting in NADH, and in this process, phosphate joins with ADP to create ATP. The resulting molecule is a 4-carbon. Step 4: The 4-carbon molecule gives a hydrogen ion (H+) to FAD (similar to NAD), which results to FADH2. Step 5: The 4-carbon molecule once again gives off H+ to NAD resulting into NADH. The 4-carbon molecule is then known as oxaloacetic acid, and the cycle begins again. Remember:glycolysis produces 2 pyruvic acid molecules, which produces 2 acetyl CoA molecules (and 2 NADH), which means that for every molecule of glucose, the Krebs cycle happens twice. The resulting amounts of NADH and FADH2 go through the electron transport chain and the enzyme ATP synthase to produce a waste of water, ATP molecules, and a restoration of the NADH to NAD+ and the FADH2 to FAD+ so that they can be used again in the Krebs cycle.
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Aerobic respiration is the discharge of energy from glucose or another organic substrate in the presence of OxygenThe three stages of aerobic respiration are glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.Glycolysis takes place inside the cytoplasm; the citric acid cycle takes place inside the mitochondria, and the oxidative phosphorylation takes places in the mitochondria.Cellular respiration is in three stages as follows:GLYCOLYSISTakes place in the cytoplasm of the cell and is common to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.glycolysis means literally that glucose is split and the 6 carbon glucose molecule is broken down to 2 X 3carbon molecules of Pyruvic acid. This produces a net gain of 2 ATP molecules.If oxygen is absent (anaerobic) in animal cells, such as muscle, 3C Pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid.In plant cells, such as yeast, pyruvic acid is converted to 2C Ethanol + CO2 (fermentation)In both of the above only 2 ATP molecules are produced per glucose molecule respired.If oxygen is present (aerobic), pyruvic acid enters the mitochondrion to the fluid matrix where Kreb's cycle stages occur.During Kreb's cycle Citric acid is initially formed and is then broken down in a series of enzyme controlled rections releasing CO2 (waste product) and hydrogen.Hydrogen is picked up by a hydrogen carrier molecule called NAD and transported to the hydrogen carrier sytem (Cytochrome sytem) on the cristae of the mitochondrion for the final stage of respiration.Cytochrome system- electron transport system:Hydrogen is passed along a chain of hydrogen carrier molecules by a series of oxidation and reduction reactions.each time a hydrogen molecule is passed along, a molecule of ATP is produced from ADP and phosphate.The final Hydrogen acceptor is oxygen and produces a molecule of water (the other waste product).In all, 36 ATP molecules are generated during the Cytochrome system, making a total of 38 ATP (36 from cytochrome system + 2 ATP from glycolysis) produced when Glucose is respired aerobically.This makes aerobic respiration 19X more efficient at producing ATP than anaerobic respiration.Hope this helps!