There are complex models that allow researchers to study several variables if the experiment is carefully designed and very carefully carried out. These models can show whether a variety of variable interactions occur, and if that is your focus then these models are good. But the best experiments investigate a small number of variables, as few as one.
An experiment of any kind can have infinitely many variables. A controlled experiment can have just as many, provided that all but one are kept exactly the same.
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It depends on the experiment. Normally only one is tested at a time because they can affect the experiment. Variables are tested in a controlled experiment to see whether they affect the outcome and also how.
There are three types of variables tested: manipulated variables, controlled variables, and experimental variables.
to gather data from data to create an controlled experiment
to gather data from data to create an controlled experiment
to gather data from data to create an controlled experiment
In a controlled experiment only 1 variable is being tested.
A controlled experiment might be impossible if there are too many variables that cannot be controlled or if it is unethical or impractical to manipulate certain variables. Additionally, external factors outside of the researchers' control can also make it difficult to ensure a controlled environment for the experiment.
Variables
A researcher should focus on a manageable number of variables, typically one to three independent variables, to maintain clarity in their investigation. This allows for a more controlled experiment, enabling the researcher to isolate the effects of those variables on the dependent variable. Too many variables can complicate the analysis and interpretation of results, making it difficult to draw meaningful conclusions. Ultimately, the goal is to balance comprehensiveness with clarity.
Scientists try to identify as many relevant variables as possible in order to account for potential confounding factors that could affect the outcome of the study. By identifying and controlling for these variables, researchers can increase the validity and reliability of their results, even when a controlled experiment is not possible.