There are many shapes, sizes, and configurations of naval vessels. The question would need to be more specific in order for an accurate and informative answer to be given.
Between 400-500. We never did hit Reagan's goal of a 500-ship Navy, but we came pretty close.
The SEALs are a branch of the US Navy. They are a specialized component with a very specialized mission. The other parts of the Navy support their mission, usually through transport for insertion and extraction. They can also provide targeting information for Navy aircraft and ship based weapons.
Firecontrol Men are responsible for the weapons systems aboard surface ships. Though torpedo men and gunners mates are responsible for the weapons - the fire control men are responsible for directing those weapons onto target. They take care of fire control computers and radars that are used to put weapons where they need to go.
A navy commander would be piped aboard his ship. The ship's bell is only rung to announce the time.
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A destroyer is a navy ship. It starts with a D.
Depends on what type of ship, and whose navy. An aircraft carrier in the USA navy might have roughly 5000 people on board, while the same type vessel from the UK might have 2300 people on board. A river patrol boat from Brazil carries 7 people, while a similar vessel from Austria carries 2 people.
The main difference in any country is mission. The "Navy" is a branch of the government in questioned who uses military built ships as weapons. The Merchant Marines or Merchant deal in Sealift or moving materials from one place to another. The Merchant Marine may also defend the Merchant ship he or she is on but the ship is not necessarily used by the military. Now in the US Navy we have MSC or Military Sealift Command. MSC moves materials around the world for the military but is more of a merchant Navy. Also the merchant navy may have military sailors stationed on them such as many of the US Navy's oilers.
3000 people
The Navy has many bases in the United States. The main ship base for the East Coast is located in Norfolk, Virginia.
The term "NAR" doesn't refer to a Navy ship - it's the standard Navy acronym for Naval Air Reserve.
A large US Navy ship.