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81 planes - less than a quarter of those launched by the six Japanese aircraft carriers which formed the Pearl Harbour strike force - were Mitsubishi A6M "Zeros". Their job was to defend the bombers, the planes that did the real damage, against any counter-attack from the ground.

A total of 360 aircraft were used in the attack, while a further 48 remained to defend the fleet.

The balance of the aircraft was made up of Nakajima B5N "Kate" torpedo bombers and Aicha D3A "Val" dive bombers.

The attack was in two waves. The first wave consisted of 90 Nakajima B5N torpedo bombers, of which 50 carried 1760Ib armour piercing bombs, and 40 torpedoes; 54 Aicha Vals bombers and 45 Zeros.

The second wave consisted of 54 Kates, 81 Vals and 36 Zeros.

Marco Giannangeli

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14y ago

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