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How might a large input of phosphorus affect a freswater lake over time?
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plant growth. Excessive amounts of pollution can cause algal blooms, assuming all other nutrients and conditions are right. Algal blooms pose several threats to freshwater ecosystems. During the growing season, algae grows very rapidly and absorbs large amounts of light. This prevents light from reaching the benthic zone (bottom of the body of water--soil and sediment) which can pose a problem for submerged aquatic vegetation which oxygenates the water column. At the end of the growing season, the algal bloom dies, sending billions of tiny organisms to the bottom. There they are broken down by decomposers (bacteria, mostly). These bacteria, just like humans, respirate taking in oxygen and giving off carbon dioxide. With a huge mass of algae to digest, the dissolved oxygen in the water can be reduced severely.
This process described above is called eutrophication, which can lead to:
Hypoxic conditions are when there is a very low amount of dissolved oxygen (D.O.) available for aquatic organisms.
Anoxic conditions are when there is essentially no D.O. available.
Over time these changes would lead to a mostly barren ecosystem, because very few organisms (mostly those that are anaerobic -- don't breath oxygen) can survive in these conditions.
The Chesapeake Bay is a good example of the problems associated with seasonal eutrophication, although it is an estuary, not a freshwater lake - the process is the same.
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
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