182 kJ
A univalent radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has only one open electron available for bonding, or one valence. Hence, univalent radical.
A hydrogen atom is neutral as it has the same number of protons and electrons. But as an ion, it can be either positive or negative.We usually talk about it in the positive sense; eg. It would donate it's outer electron and gain a positive charge; H+. However, in some compounds it can have a negative charge, H-.In a standard question though, always assume that it loses it's outer electron and is positively charged unless told otherwise in the question.
The diameter of an atom varies between 62 and 520 pm, depending on on the specific type of atom.
Adjacent means "next to". In mathematics , the adjacent side of an angle in a right triangle. However; the adjacent carbon atom is the atom beside the main atom.
the mass number of an atom is the number of protons in an atom, plus the number of neutrons.
it loses energy
An electrons moves from lower energy to higher energy when it is excited.
no , it only emits energy if it moves from a higher energy level to a lower energy level.
the energy is require to remove an electron from an atom (ionization energy) but when electron is absorbed in an atom energy is released (electron affinity) however 2nd electron affinity is endothermic ,energy is require.
All electron shells represent an energy level - it doesn't matter if its the outermost shell or not. In order for there to be a release of energy the electron has to be coming from a higher energy state. The only energy state higher than the outer-most electron shell would be a free electron. The only way an electron becomes a free electron is that sufficient was provided to lift it from what-ever electron shell (energy level) it was previously in to escape velocity. The energy that it then releases in returning is then this exact same amount of energy.
An electron moving towards the nucleus slows down and any energy it contains from a higher shelf is released.
one photonAn electron moves from a higher orbit to a lower orbit
Electronegativity is the measure of pull one atom has on another. Electron affinity is the amount of energy that is released when a neutral atom gains an electron.
ok, so electron affinity is the amount of energy given off when a particular atom excepts electrons. Essentially, it is the likelihood that an atom will accept an electron, while ionization energy is how much energy is needed to take an electron off of a particular atom
Ionization Energy or electron energy
Electronegativity is the measure of pull one atom has on another. Electron affinity is the amount of energy that is released when a neutral atom gains an electron.
Electron affinity is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom. Or an energy released by adding an electron to a gaseous atom ( ie, negative quantity). In this case, if an element has a negative Electron Affinity, its indicating that this element is stable than the neutral ones.