There is no evidence that it has decreased.
No, the moon does not have a global magnetic field like Earth. Some localized magnetic fields have been detected on the moon's surface, but they are much weaker than Earth's magnetic field.
No, plants do not generate magnetic fields stronger than the Earth. The Earth's magnetic field is much stronger than any magnetic field produced by plants.
Yes, but it is much less than Earth's.
Mercury has a weak magnetic field, about 1% as strong as Earth's. Earth's magnetic field is generated by its outer core, which produces a powerful magnetic field that protects the planet from solar winds and cosmic radiation. Mercury's magnetic field is thought to be caused by its partially liquid core and is much weaker due to its smaller size and slower rotation.
The moon does have a magnetic field, but it is much weaker than Earth's. This is because the moon lacks a molten core like Earth's, which generates a strong magnetic field. The moon's magnetic field is believed to be remnants from its early formation when it had a molten core.
Many (but not all) birds, fish,, insects, etc. have the ability to sense earth's magnetic field. They use this ability for navigation purposes, much as we use magnetic compases.
Yes. It has a modest magnetic field that is approximately aligned with the planet's axis of rotation. The field is a planetary dipole, and it is though to be generated in a manner similar to the way the earth is though to generate its magnetic field - dynamo action at or around the core. The strength of the field has been estimated as approximately 1% of Earth's. (see link)
If there is any effect at all, it would need to be a very tiny one. The only way that the Earth's rotation might affect the Sun would be in the way the Earth's rotation generates Earth's magnetic field. Our magnetic field affects the way that coronal mass ejections, huge bubbles of ionized gas from the Sun, behave when they get close. But the Sun has a magnetic field of its own, much stronger than the Earth's field, and it is unlikely that the Earth's magnetic field would affect the Sun or the Sun's magnetic field in more than a minuscule fashion.
Venus does not have a magnetic field because its rotational period is very slow. This means that if its core had a liquid metal component, it would not be moving fast enough to generate a field.
One does not necessarily think of the Earth's magnetic field every day, but it does some important things. First, everyone knows, the Earth's magnetic field influences all magnets on Earth and the compass is the most famous. The Earth's magnetic field allows you to use a compass. Even without a compass some birds are able to detect the Earth's magnetic field and get a sense of direction. Second, the Earth's magnetic field protects us from the solar wind which is a high energy stream of charged particles coming out of the Sun. Occasionally, there is a great burst of these particles associated with a solar flare. Without the Earth's magnetic field these particles would hit Earth's atmosphere and create additional radiation. Though that radiation would not threaten life on Earth, it may be quite harmful. Satellites are a different matter and the assault of the charged particles has important consequences on GPS and communications and without the magnetic field The solar wind and the Earth's magnetic field together form the Aurora Borealis, the Northern Lights, so they would be gone without the Earth's magnetic field. The solar wind and the Earth's magnetic field are the main ingredients to what is now called solar weather. There is a complex interplay between the Earth, its atmosphere and the magnetic field which is currently the subject of much study. Oddly, the Earth's magnetic field helps hold on the the air. One way the Earth loses air is that the highest air particles are hit by the solar wind and knocked off the Earth. That is very much decreased because the Earth's magnetic field deflects most of the solar wind. There is some reason to believe that Mars lost its atmosphere after it lost its magnetic field and that is why Mars has only 1% as much atmosphere as Earth. Sometimes the Earth's magnetic field disappears or reverses or just gets all jumbled up when the currents that cause it in the Earth's core become erratic. This hasn't happened for about 10,000 years, but the geologic record shows that it has happened dozens of times and the length of calm periods like now can be a few thousand or a few million years long. A reversal of the Earth's magnetic field takes a few hundred years to settle down again, and so during that time your compass won't work, birds may be confused, Northern Lights become a vague glow and GPS and cell phones may be replaced by maps and wires. And, of course, it will be good to have stock in companies that sell sun screen.
Earth's magnetic field (and the surface magnetic field) is approximately a magnetic dipole, with the magnetic field South pole near the Earth's geographic north pole (see Magnetic North Pole) and the other magnetic field N pole near the Earth's geographic south pole (see Magnetic South Pole). This makes the compass usable for navigation. The cause of the field can be explained by dynamo theory. A magnetic field extends infinitely, though it weakens with distance from its source. The Earth's magnetic field, also called the geomagnetic field, which effectively extends several tens of thousands of kilometres into space, forms the Earth's magnetosphere. A paleomagnetic study of Australian red dacite and pillow basalt has estimated the magnetic field to be at least 3.5 billion years old.
Since the earth's core produces a magnetic field, it has a major effect on the climate. The magnetic field keeps the dangerous rays of the sun away from the earth making it much more habitable by all creatures.