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Each planet has a different time phase.
It varies, from one comet to another. Some may go all the way to the Oort cloud. Others have been trapped by one of the outer planets, and don't go much beyond the outermost planets.
The inner planets are smaller than the gas giant outer planets because they formed closer to the Sun where higher temperatures prevented gases from accumulating to form large planets. The outer planets had cooler temperatures, allowing them to accumulate large amounts of gas and become much larger in size.
Our solar system might have been totally different to the the one we have. The sun has gravitational forces that pull the planets while they revolve around it. If the sun was smaller, then the planets would have much smaller too. The temperatures generated by the sun on the planets might not have been sufficient to sustain life either.
The Planet Earth is ONE planet.
Depends on whether you say Pluto is a planet or not. If you say it isn't, then there are no planets that haven't been visited by a spacecraft. If you say it is, then there is one that hasn't been visited yet, but one is on the way.
There are eight planets. Pluto, formerly classed as a planet, has been reclassified and is now one of three dwarf planets.
They put the planets one second out of sync with the rest of time, at a place called the Medusa Cascade.
Well, certainly no intelligent life, anyway. (The only known life at this time is on Earth, which is one of the planets.)
The planets in our Solar System have existed pretty much as long as the Solar System - about 4.6 billion years. Planets in other, older, solar systems may have existed quite a bit longer - almost as long as the Universe (which is 13.8 billion years old).
Some people believe that spaceships from other planets have visited Earth, but no one has ever been able to prove it.
No. The planets all orbit the sun at the same time. The planets occupy different orbits at different distances from the sun so they do not affect one another significantly.