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They believe that the inner planets had gases at one point in time, but the sun burned them away.
Each planet has a different time phase.
It varies, from one comet to another. Some may go all the way to the Oort cloud. Others have been trapped by one of the outer planets, and don't go much beyond the outermost planets.
Depends on whether you say Pluto is a planet or not. If you say it isn't, then there are no planets that haven't been visited by a spacecraft. If you say it is, then there is one that hasn't been visited yet, but one is on the way.
Our solar system might have been totally different to the the one we have. The sun has gravitational forces that pull the planets while they revolve around it. If the sun was smaller, then the planets would have much smaller too. The temperatures generated by the sun on the planets might not have been sufficient to sustain life either.
The Planet Earth is ONE planet.
There are eight planets. Pluto, formerly classed as a planet, has been reclassified and is now one of three dwarf planets.
The outer planets all rotate faster than the inner planets. Each of them has a rotational period shorter than an Earth day. All of the inner planets have rotational periods longer than one Earth day. The outer planets are mostly made up of hydrogen, helim, and ice, and they are much larger than the inner planets which are mostly iron and various types of rock.
Of the five currently recognised Dwarf Planets, Eris is the furthest one away from the sun on average. Sedna is an object orbiting much further out, but it has not been confirmed as a dwarf planet, partly as it is unknown at this time if it is near sperical in shape.
They put the planets one second out of sync with the rest of time, at a place called the Medusa Cascade.
Well, certainly no intelligent life, anyway. (The only known life at this time is on Earth, which is one of the planets.)
The planets in our Solar System have existed pretty much as long as the Solar System - about 4.6 billion years. Planets in other, older, solar systems may have existed quite a bit longer - almost as long as the Universe (which is 13.8 billion years old).